tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13818163983811625402024-03-13T16:49:23.875-07:00facsimiliumAncient manuscripts and rare booksfacsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.comBlogger139125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-38252093162568175832021-12-18T06:06:00.003-08:002021-12-18T06:06:57.283-08:00Erucarum Ortus<p><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;">The illustrations below were designed by the German artist and naturalist,</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;"> </span><b style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;">Maria Sibylla Merian</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;">. The plates were originally prepared for a mid-1670s book on the metamorphosis of caterpillars into butterflies. However, the scientific community of the time largely ignored Merian's work because it wasn't published in Latin, the formal language of science.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 0.75em;">Some forty years later, Merian finally reworked and expanded this earlier book on European insects. Sadly, she died shortly before the completed book - in Latin, <i>finally</i> - was readied for publication in 1717 as <i>'Erucarum Ortus..'</i>. The full title of the book is said to translate as: <u>'The Miraculous Transformation and Unusual Flower-Food of Caterpillars'</u>.<br /><br />Merian's portrayal of plants and insects in a semi-naturalistic way was something of a step forward in the world of scientific illustration. Many of her contemporaries 'arranged' the illustrated scenes to show man's domination over nature, or took liberties with embellishment to impress and dazzle the audience.<br /></p><blockquote class="tr_bq" style="background-color: #eae9e5; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 1em 20px; padding: 5px;">"For her period, her work is scientifically accurate and she is considered by modern scholars to be one of the founders of entomology, the study of insects." [<a href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pd/m/maria_sibylla_merian,_caiman.aspx" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank" title="The British Museum">source</a>]</blockquote><i style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;">'Erucarum Ortus'</i><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;"> features some 150 plates of butterflies, caterpillars, moths and other insects together with their associated plants. The book is divided into three sections and about half of the first section of illustrations - in </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;">this</i><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;"> particular copy - has been enhanced with hand-colouring. The balance of engravings below were sampled from throughout the book. The opium poppy plate was cropped back to the engraving plate margin; all others were chopped off at the page edge. </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><div style="text-align: center;"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="663" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3908/14420731937_615a53a1dd_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></div><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/14420729280/sizes/h/" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img p- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="668" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2940/14420729280_a25625beca_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/14420992857/sizes/h/" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img k- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="665" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2925/14420992857_dbe1742366_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="cropped engraving of Opium poppy from 'Erucarum Ortus' 1717 (1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img 6- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="cropped engraving of opium poppy with associated grubs & moths" height="668" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2923/14426733467_bc3f24d8e5_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><blockquote style="background-color: #eae9e5; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 1em 20px; padding: 5px;">"Although the <i>'Erucarum Ortus'</i> appeared one year after her death, Merian was very much involved in its publication. From at least 1705 she had intended to issue her work on European insects in Latin and Dutch, completing it with a third part. Ill health at the end of her life delayed publication of the third part until just after her death, but the complete Latin edition followed only one year later." <span style="font-size: x-small;">[<a href="http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/books-manuscripts/merian-maria-sibylla-erucarum-ortus-alimentum-4987819-details.aspx" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Christie's auction site">source</a>]</span></blockquote><a href="https://www.flickr.com/" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="Erucarum ortus - Maria Sibylla Merian" height="661" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2905/14420724790_0d5596147c_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img o- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="658" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3883/14607370835_92466eaba0_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img d- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="662" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3850/14605110534_383bf457af_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img 1- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="664" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3912/14420565919_b7b2d0a624_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img e- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="658" src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5523/14420909417_e660e19d23_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/14420909417/sizes/h/" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img e- (via Bamberg State Library)"><br /></a><blockquote style="background-color: #eae9e5; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 1em 20px; padding: 5px;">'Among the most important works in her oeuvre is her work on the feeding and growth of European caterpillars ... because these volumes contain both illustrations and texts, they provide a wealth of insights into Merian's interests with respect to art and nature, the intentions she sought in her work and the public for whom that work was intended. A unique primary source of information about a baroque painter, [..] [<i>'Erucarum Ortus, Alimentum et Paradoxa Metamorphosis'</i>] is also an invaluable historical source as a document of the popularisation of natural history in the early Enlightenment period.' (Heidrun Ludwig, 'The Rapuenbuch. A popular natural history', in Maria Sibylla Merian 1647-1717 Artist and Naturalist 1998, p.53) <span style="font-size: x-small;">[<a href="http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/books-manuscripts/merian-maria-sibylla-erucarum-ortus-alimentum-5080969-details.aspx" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Christie's auction site">source</a>]</span>.</blockquote><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img l- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="666" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3882/14605368214_e1abe5708e_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img m- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="663" src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5482/14420740400_fd5d295b7b_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img 5- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="663" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2915/14426484770_d02905181e_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img j- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="664" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2920/14420679588_8ff9314fd5_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img 3- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="661" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3899/14426550959_5a144d8059_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img i- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="661" src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5073/14584279956_a39864a9eb_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/14426741967/sizes/h/" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img 4- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="661" src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5510/14426741967_e6e3062c87_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img h- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="665" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2906/14606727372_c6d8573471_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img 2- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="663" src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5520/14609919891_9e6de34554_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><a href="https://www.flickr.com" style="background-color: white; color: #9d1961; cursor: pointer; display: block; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none;" title="'Erucarum Ortus' 1717
(1st Latin Ed.) by German natural history illustrator, Maria Sibylla Merian -img f- (via Bamberg State Library)"><img alt="historical science B+W + colour engravings-illustrations of butterflies, bees, moths + plants + flowers in-situ (1700s)" height="676" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3881/14606734412_373139784e_c.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding: 4px;" width="518" /></a><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><blockquote style="background-color: #eae9e5; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 1em 20px; padding: 5px;">"Maria Sibylla Merian <span style="font-size: x-small;">(1647-1717)</span> was one of the greatest artist-naturalists of her time. From childhood she had been fascinated by the life cycles of butterflies, and she made a close study of their transformations. She became a flower-painter and teacher in Nuremberg, Frankfurt and Amsterdam." <span style="font-size: x-small;">[<a href="http://www.royalcollection.org.uk/microsites/amazingrarethings/maker.asp?exhibs=ARTmerian" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Royal Collection Trust exhibition site">source</a>]</span></blockquote><blockquote style="background-color: #eae9e5; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 1em 20px; padding: 5px;">"In 1711 Maria suffered a stroke and although greatly disabled, continued her work for a further six years. she died in Amsterdam on 13th January, 1717. The register of deaths lists her as a pauper, but in spite of this she had her own grave. In the same year her daughter published for the first time all three parts of her mothers life's work under the title <i>'Erucarum Ortus Alimentum et Paradoxa Metamorphosis'</i> [..]</blockquote><blockquote style="background-color: #eae9e5; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 1em 20px; padding: 5px;">There are a number of versions of how the entire works of this extraordinary woman ended up in Russia. the most reliable record is that the works were purchased by Tsar Peter the Great, personally, during a visit to western Europe, only days before Merian's death in 1717. Upon the Tsar's death in 1725, the works were presented to the Academy of Sciences [in Germany] where they reside today." <span style="font-size: x-small;">[<a href="http://www.astr.ua.edu/4000WS/MERIAN.html" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration-line: none;" title="U Alabama Merian bio from their ancient (in web terms) 4000 years of women in science portal">source</a>]</span></blockquote><ul style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;"><li><a href="http://www.nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:22-dtl-0000003150" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank" title="Bamberg Library digital file"><span style="font-size: large;"><i>'Erucarum Ortus, Alimentum et Paradoxa Metamorphosis'</i> 1717 by Maria Sibylla Merian is available online from Staatsbibliothek Bamberg</span></a> - note the thumbnail view tab.</li><li>Alternatively, <a href="http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/dms/load/toc/?PPN=PPN476830389" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank" title="GDZ digital version of Merian's book"><i>'Erucarum Ortus'</i> is online at Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum (GDZ)</a> - the written sections are handily linked under species names, but I don't think the illustrations are as good.</li><li>Previously: <a href="http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2005/10/surinam-metamorphosis.html" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration-line: none;">Surinam Insect Metamorphosis</a> & <a href="http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2005/10/surinam-metamorphosis.html" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration-line: none;">Surinam Metamorphosis</a>.</li><li><a href="http://amzn.to/1tEbN8A" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank" title="search result on Amazon for 'Maria Sibylla Merian'">Works by or about Maria Sibylla Merian at Amazon</a>.</li><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Sibylla_Merian" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank" title="biography of Maria Sibylla Merian">Wikipedia article</a>.</li></ul>facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-16373937108809238092019-06-08T10:29:00.001-07:002019-06-08T10:29:50.913-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2011/09/crustacean-atlas.html" style="color: #cc6600; text-decoration-line: none;">Crustacean Atlas</a></h3>
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6177307283/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse i"><img alt="hand-coloured engravings of crabs" height="802" src="https://farm7.static.flickr.com/6156/6177307283_5758291af9_b.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="510" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6177304645/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse a"><img alt="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse a" height="775" src="https://farm7.static.flickr.com/6159/6177304645_093914790f_b.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="510" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6177307577/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse j"><img alt="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse j" height="796" src="https://farm7.static.flickr.com/6178/6177307577_c0b7b834bf_b.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="510" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6177834524/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse g"><img alt="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse g" height="813" src="https://farm7.static.flickr.com/6178/6177834524_0e1d3bb7ff_b.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="510" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6177832826/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse"><img alt="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse" height="325" src="https://farm7.static.flickr.com/6180/6177832826_97cbbbddfe.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6177305167/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse b"><img alt="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse b" height="789" src="https://farm7.static.flickr.com/6177/6177305167_c2e170769c_b.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="510" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6177833352/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse c"><img alt="18th c. hand-coloured engravings of crustacea" height="799" src="https://farm7.static.flickr.com/6160/6177833352_34d7a340f0_b.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="510" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6177833698/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse d"><img alt="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse d" height="792" src="https://farm7.static.flickr.com/6165/6177833698_e6d68ed060_b.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="510" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6177834224/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse f"><img alt="Herbst - 18th c engravings crustacea" height="778" src="https://farm7.static.flickr.com/6155/6177834224_8aaa7caebb_b.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="510" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6177306967/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse h"><img alt="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse h" height="792" src="https://farm7.static.flickr.com/6158/6177306967_b995822180_b.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="510" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6177835768/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse k"><img alt="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse k" height="789" src="https://farm7.static.flickr.com/6154/6177835768_9a16c6f4b8_b.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="510" /></a><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6177836098/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse l"><img alt="hand-coloured engraving of a crab from the 1700s by jfw herbst" height="300" src="https://farm7.static.flickr.com/6169/6177836098_6e9b0dc349.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a><br />
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Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Herbst <small>(1743-1807)</small> was a German naturalist and entomologist as well as a theologian and chaplain for the Prussian army.<br />
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Herbst was best known for helping Carl Jablonsky attempt to survey all known beetles (Order <span style="font-style: italic;">Colyoptera</span>). The effort resulted in the massive, but still incomplete <span style="font-style: italic;">'Naturgeschichte der in-und Ausländischen Insekten'</span> (1785-1806) (see: <a href="http://www.philaprintshop.com/herbst.html" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">i</a>, <a href="http://www.bvfb.life.ku.dk/English/About/exhibitions/web%20exhibitions/insects.aspx" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">ii</a>)<br />
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The title of present interest - <span style="font-style: italic;">'Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse'</span> ([An attempt at] The Natural History of Crabs and Lobsters) - was released in instalments between about 1782 and the mid-1790s. There were three volumes of text and an atlas consisting of more than sixty hand-coloured engravings. It appears various editions were issued before 1800, some coloured, some not and some coloured later : all having an impact on the auction price today (ranging from, say, $6K to $18K).<br />
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Herbst's crab and lobster book was - as far as I can tell - the first comprehensive work on the crustaceans and definitely included descriptions and illustrations of previously unknown species. It is still regarded as a primary source in the field.</div>
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<li><span style="font-size: 16.9px;"><a href="http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/ebind/mfn/krebse-2006-MN00002/XML/index.xml?part=thumb" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">The images in this post from <span style="font-style: italic;">'Versuch einer Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse'</span> were sourced from Berlin's Humboldt University</a></span> (thumbnail page).</li>
<li><a href="http://bhl-portal-dev.nhm.ac.uk/?q=node/21895" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">A pdf can be obtained from the Biodiversity Heritage Library of Europe</a>.</li>
<li><a href="http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/dms/load/toc/?PPN=PPN578044625" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">The series can also be accessed from <span style="font-style: italic;">Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum</span></a> (different colouring/style).</li>
<li><span style="font-style: italic;">Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum</span> has a number of other works by JFW Herbst available via their <a href="http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/list/references?x_opt=H&digitzed_only=true" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">Animal Database</a>.</li>
<li>Other brief sources: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Friedrich_Wilhelm_Herbst" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">one</a>, <a href="http://www.antiquariaatjunk.com/item.php?item=7311" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">two</a>, <a href="http://www.library.umass.edu/spcoll/exhibits/herbal/herbst.htm" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">three</a>, <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3AHerbst%2C+Johann+Friedrich+Wilhelm.&qt=hot_author" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">four</a>.</li>
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facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-11058333921139911262018-12-08T14:16:00.000-08:002018-12-08T14:21:48.133-08:00The Crimean War, 19th C<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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These lithographic scenes from the Crimean War, based on sketches by <b>William Simpson</b>, were published in London in a couple of series by Colnaghi & co. in the second half of the 1850s. The illustrations here are all derived from .tif downloads and the images themselves are cropped back to the edges of the mounted borders. The scene keys or legends were cut from the sides of their corresponding prints and the deficits filled in. A few images have had background stains removed.</div>
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"The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_War" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">Crimean War</a> <span style="font-size: xx-small;">(1853-1856)</span> was a conflict between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the French Empire, the British Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Sardinia. The war was part of a long-running contest between the major European powers for influence over territories of the declining Ottoman Empire. Most of the conflict took place on the Crimean Peninsula, but there were smaller campaigns in western Anatolia, Caucasus, the Baltic Sea, the Pacific Ocean and the White Sea. In Russia, this war is also known as the <i>"Eastern War"</i> and in Britain it was also called the <i>"Russian War"</i> at the time."</blockquote>
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<img alt="Interior of the Malakoff with the remains of the round tower" height="268" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7105/7013993701_6a6666ffcb_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="400" /><br />
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<b>Interior of the Malakoff with the remains of the round tower</b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows an interior view of the </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Malakoff" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">Malakoff</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">, the main Russian fortification before Sevastopol, following the successful French assault."</span><br />
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<img alt="Sebastopol from the sea - sketched from the deck of H.M.S. Sidon" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7196/6867889704_0c26484441_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /><br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/7013993965/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Key to Sebastopol from the sea - sketched from the deck of H.M.S. Sidon (LoC)"><img alt="Key to Sebastopol from the sea - sketched from the deck of H.M.S. Sidon" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7112/7013993965_7955d8e4f6_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
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<b>Sebastopol from the sea - sketched from the deck of H.M.S. Sidon</b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows sailors and cannons on deck of the H.M.S. Sidon, with a distant view of the forts and other buildings in Sevastopol."</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/7013988641/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Balaklava, looking towards the sea (LoC)"><img alt="Balaklava, looking towards the sea" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7055/7013988641_6665e3fdc6_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
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<b>Balaklava, looking towards the sea</b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows view of Balaklava looking over the rooftops toward the harbor which is getting crowded with British ships; two bell tents in the foreground, and remains of an old castle on the hillside in the background."</span><br />
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"William Simpson arrived off the Crimean peninsular on November 15 and could hear distant firing. While he had missed the early battles, he was able to record the events before Sebastopol. He made numerous acquantances who helped him with details for his pictures, but he was also struck by the plight of the common soldiers, <i>"miserable looking beings...covered with mud, dirt, and rags",</i> he wrote. He hobnobbed with many officers including Lord Raglan and Captain Peel; he also met Roger Fenton who took his photograph. In May, 1855, Simpson accompanied Raglan on the expedition to Kertch which was captured on the 24th, but was back in time to observe the first attack on Sebastopol in June. On the night of the 17th, he crawled out of a trench to view the attack. He wrote, "It was a wild orchestra of sound, never to be forgotten." He was still at the front when the city finally surrendered, and he quit the Crimea in the autumn of 1855.<br />
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Throughout his time at the front, he would send back his watercolours to London where the lithographers of Day & Son would transfer them to stone. Simpson was paid 20 pounds for each picture. For the color, a separate stone was used for each tone. Colnaghis exhibited some of the watercolours, including a show at the Graphic Society in February 1855. The first advertisements for the lithographs appeared in May 1855 and in the following month, a second series was announced. In all, the Colnaghi's produced two large portfolios containing over eighty lightographs entitled <b>The Seat of the War in the East</b>. Two thousand copies of the complete set were produced. Simpson dedicated the series to Queen Victoria whose patronage he enjoyed for the rest of his life, and he was a frequent visitor to Windsor Castle and Balmoral. So popular were his pictures that he became affectionately known at 'Crimean Simpson'. <span style="font-size: xx-small;">[<a href="http://www.storeysltd.co.uk/Item/4976" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">source</a>]</span></blockquote>
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6867875090/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Charge of the heavy cavalry brigade, 25th Octr. 1854 (LoC)"><img alt="Charge of the heavy cavalry brigade, 25th Octr. 1854" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7224/6867875090_ba48c6df8b_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/7013999103/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Key to Charge of the Heavy Brigade (1854) (LoC)"><img alt="Key to Charge of the Heavy Brigade (1854)" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7197/7013999103_2f2f752979_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">
<b>Charge of the heavy cavalry brigade, 25th Octr. 1854</b></div>
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows the Enniskillen Dragoons and the 5th Dragoon Guards engaging the Russian cavalry in the midst of the camp of the light cavalry brigade which is being plundered by the Russian troops during the battle of Balaklava."</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6867888216/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="The railway at Balaklava, looking south (LoC)"><img alt="The railway at Balaklava, looking south" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7229/6867888216_1a49b981ba_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
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<b>The railway at Balaklava, looking south</b></div>
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows the railway under construction in Balaklava near the harbor, also shows masts of ships in the harbor and the ruins of the old Genoese castle on a hill in the background."</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/7013985267/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="A Christmas dinner on the heights before Sebastopol (LoC)"><img alt="A Christmas dinner on the heights before Sebastopol" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7036/7013985267_3403e6cafc_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/7013984549/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Key to A Christmas dinner on the heights before Sebastopol (LoC)"><img alt="Key to A Christmas dinner on the heights before Sebastopol" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7095/7013984549_d3f2135935_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
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<b>A Christmas dinner on the heights before Sebastopol</b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows (from left) Capn. Sir Charles Russell, Bart, Capn. Charles Turner, Capn. Alexander Viscount Balgonie, Capn. Fredk. Bathurst, Capn. Burnaby, Lieut. Colonel Charles Lindsay, Col. Fredk. Wm. Hamilton, Lieut. Col. Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, Capn. George Higginson, Lieut. Robert Wm. Hamilton, Capn. H.W. Verschoyle, and Capn. Sir James Fergusson, Bart seated around a table in a tent, enjoying a Christmas dinner."</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6867877034/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="A hot day in the batteries (LoC)"><img alt="A hot day in the batteries" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7104/6867877034_e99aa6903e_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/7013985515/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Key to A hot day in the batteries (LoC)"><img alt="Key to A hot day in the batteries" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7237/7013985515_c1ded36cf3_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
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<b>A hot day in the batteries</b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows action in a British artillery battery, mortar fire, mortars and cannon being loaded, the removal of wounded, and in the distance, the fortifications of Sevastopol."</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/7013987071/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="A quiet day in the diamond battery - portrait of a Lancaster 68 pounder, 15th Decr. 1854 (LoC)"><img alt="A quiet day in the diamond battery - portrait of a Lancaster 68 pounder, 15th Decr. 1854" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7065/7013987071_0e7c3dcc9d_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">
<b>A quiet day in the diamond battery - </b></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">
<b>portrait of a Lancaster 68 pounder, 15th Decr. 1854</b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Captain Peel, son of Sir Robert Peel, stands by the Lancaster 68-pounder, while his men keep their heads below the parapet of the battery." </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: xx-small;">[<a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=686360&partid=1&output=People%2F!!%2FOR%2F!!%2F128766%2F!%2F128766-2-70%2F!%2FPublished+by+Colnaghi%2F!%2F%2F!!%2F%2F!!!%2F&orig=%2Fresearch%2Fsearch_the_collection_database%2Fadvanced_search.aspx&currentPage=9&numpages=10" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">source</a>]</span><br />
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6867889062/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="A hot night in the batteries (LoC)"><img alt="A hot night in the batteries" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7068/6867889062_283303e5be_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">
<b>A hot night in the batteries</b></div>
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows action in a British artillery battery with cannons firing and being loaded, and men bringing in supplies."</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6867878702/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="A quiet night in the batteries - a sketch in the Greenhill battery (Major Chapman's), 29th Jany. 1855 (LoC)"><img alt="A quiet night in the batteries - a sketch in the Greenhill battery (Major Chapman's), 29th Jany. 1855" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7187/6867878702_73fd8d9459_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">
<b>A quiet night in the batteries</b></div>
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"A sketch in the Greenhill battery (Major Chapman's), 29th Jany. 1855" | "Print shows men and cannons in a British artillery battery, at night."</span><br />
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6867880124/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Commissariat difficulties - the road from Balaklava to Sevastopol, at Kadikoi, during the wet weather (LoC)"><img alt="Commissariat difficulties - the road from Balaklava to Sevastopol, at Kadikoi, during the wet weather" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7046/6867880124_0c74f971b8_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
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<b>Commissariat difficulties - the road from Balaklava </b></div>
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<b>to Sevastopol, at Kadikoi, during the wet weather</b></div>
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows wagons and a cannon mired in mud, broken wagons, and dead or dying horses and oxen on the roadside, at Kadikoi, on the road to Sevastopol"</span><br />
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/7013990237/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Embarkation of the sick at Balaklava (LoC)"><img alt="Embarkation of the sick at Balaklava" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7089/7013990237_0f114d3771_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
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<b>Embarkation of the sick at Balaklava</b></div>
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"[This] tinted lithograph, [..] shows injured and ill soldiers in the Crimean War boarding boats to take them to hospital facilities. Modern nursing had its roots in the war, as war correspondents for newspapers reported the scandalous treatment of wounded soldiers in the first desperate winter, prompting the pioneering work of women such as Florence Nightingale, Mary Seacole, Frances Margaret Taylor and others." [</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:POTD_protected/2011-09-04" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;">source</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">]</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/7013991269/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Excavated church in the caverns at Inkermann - looking west (LoC)"><img alt="Excavated church in the caverns at Inkermann - looking west" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7215/7013991269_26beecd009_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">
<b>Excavated church in the caverns at Inkermann - looking west</b></div>
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows interior view of cavern church showing remains and two soldiers firing over a wall at the entrance to the cavern."</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6867882754/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Highland Brigade camp, looking south (LoC)"><img alt="Highland Brigade camp, looking south" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7280/6867882754_b0f504ab09_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/7013991487/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Key to Highland Brigade camp, looking south (LoC)"><img alt="Key to Highland Brigade camp, looking south" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7204/7013991487_bb5b170b3d_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">
<b>Highland Brigade camp, looking south</b></div>
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows an artillery battery with Capn. Mansfield, Major Shadwell, Lieut. Col. Stirling, Major Gordon, and Sir Colin Campbell standing near the cannons, with the camp of the Highland Brigade, showing huts and tents, in the background; the harbor at Balaklava and the remains of the old Genoese castle are visible in the distance on the right."</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6867885300/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Sentinel of the Zouaves, before Sevastopol (LoC)"><img alt="Sentinel of the Zouaves, before Sevastopol" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7257/6867885300_110f21453c_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
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<b>Sentinel of the Zouaves, before Sevastopol - The seat of war in the East</b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows a soldier standing guard at a French battery with snow-covered cannons and Zouaves carrying bundles of wood to a camp in the background." & "Two sentinels with fixed bayonets patrol a gun emplacement, while three figures cross the area carrying firewood" </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: xx-small;">[<a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=686327&partid=1&output=People%2F!!%2FOR%2F!!%2F130938%2F!%2F130938-1-9%2F!%2FAssociated+with+Henry+Peter%2C+1st+Baron+Brougham+and+Vaux%2F!%2F%2F!!%2F%2F!!!%2F&orig=%2Fresearch%2Fsearch_the_collection_database%2Fadvanced_search.aspx&currentPage=4&numpages=10" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">source</a>]</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/7013995717/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="The cavalry affair of the heights of Bulganak - the first gun, 19th Sepr. 1854 (LoC)"><img alt="The cavalry affair of the heights of Bulganak - the first gun, 19th Sepr. 1854" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7059/7013995717_f3ea3ebde6_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/6867885500/sizes/o/" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Key to The cavalry affair of the heights of Bulganak - the first gun, 19th Sepr. 1854 (LoC)"><img alt="Key to The cavalry affair of the heights of Bulganak - the first gun, 19th Sepr. 1854" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7206/6867885500_b6739c4d3b_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /></a><br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">
<b>The cavalry affair of the heights of Bulganak - the first gun, 19th Sepr. 1854</b></div>
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows expansive view of the countryside, the Russian cavalry and artillery in the distance, Russian guns opening fire on British troops as they draw up into formation."</span><br />
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<img alt="The new works at the siege of Sebastopol on the right attack - from the mortar battery on the right of Gordon's battery" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7123/6867887084_07659534d6_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /><br />
<img alt="Key to The new works at the siege of Sebastopol on the right attack - from the mortar battery on the right of Gordon's battery" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7128/6867887322_61112ecfe9_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" /><br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">
<b>The new works at the siege of Sebastopol on the right attack - </b></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">
<b>from the mortar battery on the right of Gordon's battery</b></div>
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">"Print shows a mortar battery with soldiers, two mortars, gabions, and earthworks, with a distant view of Sevastopol." & "Guns and ammunition being prepared for action behind earthworks in the foreground, the Russian defences are visible in the distance." </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: xx-small;">[<a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=686269&partid=1&output=People%2F!!%2FOR%2F!!%2F106850%2F!%2F106850-1-9%2F!%2FAssociated+with+John+Charles+Spencer%2C+3rd+Earl+Spencer%2F!%2F%2F!!%2F%2F!!!%2F&orig=%2Fresearch%2Fsearch_the_collection_database%2Fadvanced_search.aspx&currentPage=1&numpages=10" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">source</a>]</span><br />
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<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">
<iframe frameborder="0" height="400" scrolling="no" src="https://books.google.com.au/books?id=tsKcLX5OfawC&lpg=PA97-IA1&ots=tk3cU2Vw53&dq=%22works+at+the+siege+of+Sebastopol+on+the+right+attack%22&pg=PA97-IA1&output=embed" style="border-style: initial; border-width: 0px;" width="500"></iframe></div>
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">Google books limited excerpt from: </span><a href="http://amzn.to/GTQW7C" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;"><i>'The Campaign in the Crimea. An Historical Sketch'</i></a><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;"> 2002 by George Brackenbury.</span><br />
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">[unless otherwise stated, all commentary above is quoted or paraphrased from the <a href="http://www.loc.gov/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">LoC</a>]<br />--click through on any image above for a greatly enlarged version--</span></div>
<br />
<ul style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;">
<li><span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/related/?va=exact&co=pga&st=grid&q=Day+%26+Son.&fi=author&sg=true&op=EQUAL" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="search term= day & son (lithographers)">The lithographs of Crimean War scenes - <i>'The Seat of War in the East'</i> - after watercolour sketches by William Simpson, come from the Library of Congress Popular Graphic Arts Collection (search result)</a> in the Prints & Photographs Online Catalog (<a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">PPOC</a>)</span>.</li>
<li>You can see a <a href="http://www.heatons-of-tisbury.co.uk/mil.simpson.html" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">quick overview of a different batch of lithographs from this same print series at Heaton's</a>.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectId=737064&partId=1" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">The British Museum has about twenty original watercolour sketches for the Crimean set</a>(click 'all objects' adjacent to Simpson's name) [The BM also has a fair number of lithographic prints from<i> 'The Seat of War in the East'</i> set]</li>
</ul>
<b style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;"><i>"The Crimean War, famed for the 'Charge of the Light Brigade', would fundamentally alter the balance of power in Europe and set the stage for World War One"</i></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;"> - </span><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/victorians/crimea_01.shtml" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><u>The Crimean War</u> By Andrew Lambert at the BBC History site</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">.</span><br />
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">The </span><a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/advanced_search.aspx" style="background-color: white; color: #199d8e; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">BM</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;"> biography of </span><b style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;">William Simpson</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;">: "Draughtsman, early lithographer, watercolour painter, journalist and antiquarian. Covered the Crimean war on behalf of Colnaghi's but later joined the </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 13px;">'Illustrated London News'</i><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13px;"> and covered the Abyssinian campaign (1868), Franco-Prussian war, Modoc war (1873) and Second Afghan war. Buried in Highgate Cemetery in London. A number of watercolours made by Simpson during his time in the Crimea, Magdala and Afghanistan are in the British Museum, along with a small number of archaeological and ethnographic items."</span></div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-44906384668718315342018-10-13T15:49:00.001-07:002018-10-13T15:57:26.285-07:00Fischetti Travel Sketches, 20th C.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h3 class="post-title entry-title" style="background-color: white; color: #cc6600; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 26px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0.25em 0px 0px; padding: 0px 0px 24px; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-size: 16.9px;"><span style="color: #660000;">Sketches from </span></span><span style="color: #660000; font-size: 13px;"><span style="font-size: 16.9px;">the </span></span></h3>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="font-size: 23.4px;">John Fischetti Manuscript Collection</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 16.9px;"><span style="color: #660000;">at </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 16.9px;"><span style="color: #660000;">Columbia College Chicago</span></span></div>
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<br />
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4105487093/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1945 trip to France © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1945 trip to France" height="355" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2613/4105487093_9f20e6d4b8.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="400" /></a><br />
<div style="font-style: italic; text-align: center;">
"Main Street St Laurent Brittanny"</div>
<div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
France, 1945</div>
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4105487789/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1948 trip to New York © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1948 trip to New York" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2691/4105487789_8fe7e7dd77.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="396" /></a><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight: bold;">New York, 1948</span></div>
<br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4105488393/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1949 trip to Denmark a © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1949 trip to Denmark a" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2497/4105488393_957752d2fb.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="353" /></a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4105486077/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1949 trip to Denmark © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1949 trip to Denmark" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2658/4105486077_12f58b9ded.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="343" /></a><br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4106256974/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1949 trip to Denmark b © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1949 trip to Denmark b" height="390" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2654/4106256974_915cf38cfe.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a><br />
<div style="font-style: italic; text-align: center;">
"American shoes proved to be much more interesting<br />
to the Danes than the American wearing them"</div>
<br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4106257986/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1949 trip to Denmark d © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1949 trip to Denmark d" height="406" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2592/4106257986_9b4b0cdb0b.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-style: italic;">"The Danes really live when they greet each other</span></div>
<br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4106258624/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1949 trip to Denmark e © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1949 trip to Denmark e" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2716/4106258624_3dbd1f1857.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="447" /></a><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
"5 O'Clock Rush"</div>
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4106259370/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1949 trip to Denmark f © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1949 trip to Denmark f" height="371" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2731/4106259370_75793cf4df.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Denmark, 1949</span></div>
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4106408190/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1949 trip to France a © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1949 trip to France a" height="375" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2511/4106408190_234f9629f8.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-style: italic;">"Traffic"</span></div>
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4106408840/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1949 trip to France © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1949 trip to France" height="363" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2608/4106408840_390ebc11fb.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a><br />
<div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
France, 1949</div>
<br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4105639067/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1953 trip to France © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1953 trip to France" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2678/4105639067_fb944f26da.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="473" /></a><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-style: italic;">"Journal de Paris - McCarthy: 'J'accuse!!' "</span></div>
<div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
Paris, 1953</div>
<br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4105662611/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1960 trip to Italy a © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1960 trip to Italy a" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2724/4105662611_bd3af872d1.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="385" /></a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4106431270/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1960 trip to Italy b © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1960 trip to Italy b" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2701/4106431270_2c170a2680.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="377" /></a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4105663719/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1960 trip to Italy © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1960 trip to Italy" height="383" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2538/4105663719_8fa1159c45.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a><br />
<div style="font-style: italic; text-align: center;">
"Rialto Bridge Venice"</div>
<div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
Italy, 1960</div>
<br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4106476488/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1961 trip to Washington DC b © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1961 trip to Washington DC b" height="395" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2710/4106476488_81d1370584.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4106477072/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1961 trip to Washington DC © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1961 trip to Washington DC" height="396" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2770/4106477072_054e579cd4.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
President Kennedy's Oval Office<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Washington DC, 1961</span></div>
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4105709935/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1970 trip to Chicago © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1970 trip to Chicago" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2779/4105709935_30f640137f.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="388" /></a><br />
<div style="font-style: italic; text-align: center;">
"Other side of the tracks -- Canal Street"</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Chicago, 1970</span></div>
<br />
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4106475138/sizes/l/" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;" title="1970 trip to Washington DC c © Columbia College Chicago"><img alt="1970 trip to Washington DC c" height="320" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2801/4106475138_81a98a3352.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a><br />
<div style="font-style: italic; text-align: center;">
"It's windy"</div>
<div style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
Washington DC, 1970</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
All illustrations are © the Estate or Assignees of John Fischetti.<br />
The images have been posted here with permission.</div>
<blockquote style="background-color: #eae9e5; margin: 1em 20px; padding: 5px;">
"John Fischetti was born in Brooklyn, New York on Sept. 27, 1916, the youngest in an Italian family of four children. His urge to draw developed early and, in fact, he graduated from the Pratt Technical Institute before earning his high school diploma. After graduation he went to California and worked for the Disney Studio.<br />
<br />
Eye strain forced him to give up animation and he moved to Chicago where he began working for Coronet and Esquire magazines. When Marshall Field started the Chicago Sun and bought up the Coronet/Esquire syndicate, Fischetti began doing political cartoons for the Sun; however, World War II intervened and he spent the latter part of it cartooning for Stars and Stripes.<br />
<br />
When his Sun job was no longer available after the war, he moved to New York and joined Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), and then the New York Herald Tribune. It folded in 1966 and he moved back to Chicago and the Chicago Daily News, where he was given complete autonomy to choose his styles and topics.<br />
<br />
Fischetti was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1968. After the Daily News ceased publication in 1978, he finished his career at the Chicago Sun-Times. John Fischetti died on Nov. 18, 1980." [<a href="http://www.newberry.org/collections/FindingAids/fischetti/Fischetti.html" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">source</a>]</blockquote>
<br />
Following Fischetti's death, an annual editorial cartoon award was established in his name, administered by the School of Journalism at the Columbia College in Chicago. [<a href="http://www.colum.edu/Academics/Journalism/fischetti/index.php" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">link</a>]<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 16.9px;"><a href="http://www.lib.colum.edu/archives/mss_fischetti/index.php" style="color: #199d8e; text-decoration-line: none;">The John Fischetti Manuscript Collection was recently digitised by Columbia College and includes a large number of the artist's sketch books encompassing original political cartoons, completed comics, preliminary and rejected drawings and a collection of his travel sketches</a></span>.</div>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-91678082339009756052018-08-15T08:05:00.002-07:002018-08-15T11:29:42.157-07:00Embellished Matriculation Manuscripts (15th to 17th C)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 3, p. 41v â Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 1 (1460-1567)" height="400" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7291/10123030983_9e9dbc4d29_c.jpg" width="290" /></div>
</div>
<br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
"The Matriculation Register of the Basel Rectorate, recorded in
manuscript form from 1460 to 2000, contains semester and annual
information notices added by each successive rector as well as lists of
enrolled students, thus providing an important resource for the history
of the University of Basel. In addition, Vol. 1 contains records in
illustrations and text of the opening of the university. The rich book
decoration in the first three volumes is particularly notable. The work
of 3 centuries, it is easily datable due to the chronogical order in
which it was added and thus provides a welcome demonstration of the art
of miniature painting in Basel."</div>
</blockquote>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
A selection of manuscript page images shown below come from the first
three matriculation volumes, covering the period 1460 to 1764, courtesy
of Basel University Library. The three volumes are in order from oldest
to newest, but the sequence of images displayed from each volume is -
fairly obviously - not in date order. Under each image is the name of
the rector in charge and their service period, corresponding to the
approximate production date of the manuscript page decoration.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 3, p. 211r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 1 (1460-1567)" height="710" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3683/10122872376_43849e4c35_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector Ulrich Coccius (1563/64)</b></div>
<br />
<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 3, p. 126v – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 1 (1460-1567)" height="697" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3825/10122956733_de38a41419_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector Augustin Lutenwang (1510/11)</b></div>
<br />
<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 3, p. 115v – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 1 (1460-1567)" height="727" src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5349/10122781584_d4441b1899_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector Werner Schlierbach (1506/07)</b></div>
<br />
<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 3, p. 97r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 1 (1460-1567)" height="705" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7306/10122979363_10cc0266c0_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector Melchior von Baden (1496)</b></div>
<br />
<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 3, p. 90r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 1 (1460-1567)" height="717" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7338/10122804454_b032cd953f_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector William Greaves (1493)</b></div>
<br />
<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 3, p. 83r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 1 (1460-1567)" height="788" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2889/10123008753_933c0a9c14_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector Heinrich Vogt (1490/91)</b></div>
<br />
<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 3, p. 74r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 1 (1460-1567)" height="704" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7437/10123020713_d56990062d_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector St. John Siber (1487/88)</b></div>
<br />
<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 3, p. 36v – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 1 (1460-1567)" height="710" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7296/10123040043_80743e7576_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector Otto Blades (1472)</b></div>
<hr />
The above images...<br />
Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 3: Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, <u>Volume 1</u> (1460-1567)<br />
<a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/ubb/AN-II-0003">Link to e-codices overview page</a> & access to digitised manuscript of Volume 1.<br />
The manuscript and images remain the property of Basel University Library, are covered by a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">CC</a> 3.0 license and appear here with permission.<br />
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4, p. 44r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 2 (1586-1653)" height="868" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3708/10128955474_de99c68413_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector St. John Brandmüller (1587/88)</b></div>
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4, p. 228r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 2 (1586-1653)" height="800" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7302/10128932765_ea11570234_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="514" /><br />
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<b>Rector Felix Platter II (1651/52)</b></div>
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4, p. 173v – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 2 (1586-1653)" height="800" src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5482/10129028416_96c776aec5_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="516" /><br />
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<b>Rector Johann Jakob Faesch (1630/31)</b></div>
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4, p. 120v – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 2 (1586-1653)" height="770" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2861/10128982815_ee760b170a_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
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<b>Rector Martin Chmieleck (1613/14)</b></div>
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4, p. 83r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 2 (1586-1653)" height="701" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2842/10128924854_f32cb091f4_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
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<b>Rector Thomas Cook (1602/03)</b></div>
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4, p. 134r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 2 (1586-1653)" height="800" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3714/10129049686_f3bdb4419a_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="517" /><br />
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<b>Rector Sebastian Beck (1617/18)</b></div>
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4, p. 74r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 2 (1586-1653)" height="861" src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5450/10128934934_c40d9f3f85_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
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<b>Rector Heinrich Justus (1599/1600)</b></div>
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4, p. 177r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 2 (1586-1653)" height="786" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7320/10129077413_663c62b33e_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
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<b>Rector Emanuel Stupanus (1631/32)</b></div>
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4, p. 144r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 2 (1586-1653)" height="806" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7411/10129096763_fdcd0f7079_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector Johann Rudolf Burckhardt (1620/21)</b></div>
<hr />
The above images...<br />
Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4: Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, <u>Volume 2</u> (1586-1653)<br />
<a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/ubb/AN-II-0004">Link to e-codices overview page</a> & access to digitised manuscript of Volume 2.<br />
The manuscript and images remain the property of Basel University Library, are covered by a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">CC</a> 3.0 license and appear here with permission. <br />
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4a, p. 30r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 3 (1654-1764)" height="841" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7424/10129273603_9f13de96da_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector Johann Friedrich Burckhardt (1665/66)</b></div>
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4a, p. 47r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 3 (1654-1764)" height="819" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2878/10129059334_4bb9cc4eb9_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector Christopher Faesch (1672/73)</b></div>
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4a, p. 59r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 3 (1654-1764)" height="831" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3703/10129047684_0f3b8f8a49_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector James Rudin (1676/77)</b><br />
<b><br /></b></div>
<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4a, p. 15r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 3 (1654-1764)" height="816" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3715/10129151345_eb052e3a6b_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
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<b>Rector Luke Gernler (1659/60)</b></div>
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4a, p. 4r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 3 (1654-1764)" height="797" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7398/10129162575_929c153507_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br />
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<b>Rector Peter Falkeisen (1655/56)</b></div>
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<img alt="Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4a, p. 113r – Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 3 (1654-1764)" height="800" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3784/10129233403_216f45c976_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="516" /><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Rector Jacob Burckhardt II (1698/99)</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<hr style="text-align: justify;" />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The above images...</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4a: Matriculation Register of the
Rectorate of the University of Basel, Volume 3 (1654-1764)</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/ubb/AN-II-0004a">Link to e-codices overview page</a> & access to digitised manuscript of Volume 3.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The manuscript and images remain the property of Basel University Library are covered by a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">CC</a> 3.0 license and appear here with permission.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<hr style="text-align: justify;" />
<hr style="text-align: justify;" />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
In addition to providing a chronological record of academic life at the
University, these beautiful Basel matriculation manuscripts show
differences in tastes, customs and directives of the many rectors in
charge of the institution and cultural developments in the local
territory. As official documentary records, these books may well have
been the subject of outside inspection (benefactors, nobility, religious
leaders &c), so political considerations will have influenced the
nature of the content at any given time as well. There are periods where
calligraphic flourishing is missing for whatever reason. Introductions
for each teaching semester (in verse or prose, alphabetic or seasonal)
varied in style and length as rectors and decades rolled along. The
decoration of the manuscripts, although obviously extensive, was tamped
down or sparse, in some periods: in particular, during the religious
upheavals of the Reformation in the 16th century.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The manuscripts are also priceless catalogues of three centuries of (the
presumably) regional artist output. Some of the artists/scribes are
listed in the descriptions that accompany each manuscript, although they
are often only identified ("artist Hand-B" &c) rather than being
specifically named. Among other forms of decoration, the matriculation
volumes contain cryptic allegorical motifs, elaborate coats of arms
(they dominate), embellished grotesque and baroque architectural
structures, cartouches and occasional rector and faculty portraits. Many
of these border designs and frames serve to visually enhance mottoes, a
rector's c.v., poetic verses and the like. Obviously additions have
been made over the centuries and not all of the contents can be
accurately dated or attributed. In one instance, a rhyming couplet of
verse accompanied by the initials SB was added and is judged to have
been inserted by the renowned Sebastian Brandt (of <i><a href="http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2006/04/ship-of-fools.html">'Ship of Fools'</a></i>
fame), who taught law at the university towards the end of the 16th
century. All the text, throughout each of the manuscripts, is in Latin.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The only outside commentary I could find mentions that one of the
painted miniatures among these matriculation volumes shows some evidence
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">(esoteric specifics about a room seemingly filled with pieces of art - image 5th from bottom)</span> that Basel University was one of the earliest places to evolve from the personal collector mentality - <i>kunstkammer</i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabinet_of_curiosities" target="_blank">*</a> - towards public educational displays of artifacts in the form of galleries and museums. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
These manuscripts are owned by Basel University Library and are posted online through the e-codices portal: the <a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en">Virtual Manuscript Library of Switzerland</a>.
Some 40+ Swiss libraries contribute materials for display through this
outstanding multi-institutional website. It should be noted that
e-codices are very particular about rights and permissions in relation
to their clients' works and I would strongly advise you to contact the
specific client institution and seek prior permission to display or
reuse any of their materials. This is <i>mostly</i> to do with
monitoring their national heritage and ensuring proper attribution for
the works are used. I have happily corresponded with a few of their
libraries and the central portal in the past without incident.</div>
<ul>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/ubb/AN-II-0003"><span style="font-size: medium;">Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 3: Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, <b>Volume 1</b> (1460-1567)</span></a></li>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/ubb/AN-II-0004"><span style="font-size: medium;">Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4: Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, <b>Volume 2</b> (1586-1653</span></a></li>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/ubb/AN-II-0004a">Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, AN II 4a: Matriculation Register of the Rectorate of the University of Basel, <b>Volume 3</b> (1654-1764)</a></span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><b>Addit</b>: <a href="http://www.artexperts.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/Fachartikel/Sammlungen/Sladeczek_Kunstkammer_Artikel.pdf" target="_blank">A [pdf] article about Basel's early collector culture</a> with small reference to this series (in <i>Deutsch</i>).</li>
</ul>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-34337859193766895852018-06-01T15:03:00.001-07:002018-06-01T15:03:56.519-07:00A Japanese "book of Falconry"<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: #4c1130; font-size: 18.06px;"><b>These woodblock illustrations of falcon </b></span><br />
<span style="color: #4c1130; font-size: 18.06px;"><b>training come from a mid-1860s</b></span></div>
<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: #4c1130; font-size: 18.06px;"><b>album called <i>'Ehon Taka Kagami'</i> </b></span><br />
<span style="color: #4c1130; font-size: 18.06px;"><b>(~The Illustrated Mirror of Falconry)</b></span></div>
<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><blockquote style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #eae9e5; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 13.33px; margin-left: 20px; margin-right: 20px; margin-top: 13.33px; orphans: 2; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-top: 5px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
"<b style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;">Kawanabe Kyôsai (Gyôsai)</b> <small style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;">(1831-89)</small> was a Kano painter, printmaker, and illustrator, the son of a Samurai. At the age of six he entered the studio of Utagawa Kuniyoshi<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utagawa_Kuniyoshi" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia entry">^</a>, and from the age of nine became a student of the academic Kano school, studying under Maemura Towa and then Tohaku Chinshin, who gave him the name "Toiku". He exhibited at the Vienna International Exposition in 1873, and at the first and second Paris Japanese Art Exhibitions of 1883 and 1884. In the early years of the Meiji period (1868-1912) he attained considerable popularity with his political caricatures, for which he was arrested and imprisoned in 1870. His famous <i style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;">'Kyosai Gadan'</i> (1887), an attempt to show a variety of traditional Japanese and Chinese painting styles, was widely appreciated in Europe, and was issued with English captions for the export market. <br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" />
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" />
Kyosai's <i style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;">'Ehon Taka Kagami'</i> is the major resource on Japanese falconry, with wonderful woodcuts of hawks, field work, breeding, hoods, gloves, and other associated tools and items of equipment. It records the ancient Japanese methods of care, raising, and training of the Siberian Goshawk, considered the best variety for use in falconry since ancient times. <span style="font-size: 10.06px;">Harting 371. Schwerdt III p. 245; see G. Schack. Kyosais Falkenjagd.</span>" [<a href="http://www.antiquariaatjunk.com/item.php?item=8635" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;" title="Antiquarian Junk Natural History Bookshop">source</a>]</blockquote>
<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><blockquote style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #eae9e5; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 13.33px; margin-left: 20px; margin-right: 20px; margin-top: 13.33px; orphans: 2; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-top: 5px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
"A major resource on Japanese falconry, the capture, taming & teaching of falcons, the grooming, feeding and culture of the bird of prey. Wonderful illustrations of falcons, the associated tools & equipment, stands, methods of warming in winter before the hunt, winter hunting, respect for. On the flushing to expose game birds to be hunted by the falcon, the kill, capture of the quarry. How to tether, hoods, master's gloves and other accoutrements, field work, breeding, bathing &c." [source: <span style="font-size: 10.06px;">removed ebay auction listing</span>]</blockquote>
<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><img alt="Ehon Taka Kagami 8" height="414" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7687/17113132790_409b69b64b_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 11px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><img alt="Ehon Taka Kagami 15" height="416" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7702/17093225177_1487dda85d_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 11px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><img alt="Ehon Taka Kagami 12" height="411" src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8728/17112914258_9124564aef_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 11px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><img alt="Ehon Taka Kagami 7" height="415" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7659/17298844072_6648bd12c0_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 11px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><img alt="Ehon Taka Kagami 4" height="416" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7719/17300691605_de2ac051ff_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 11px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><img alt="Ehon Taka Kagami 10" height="420" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7685/16678214344_aef36b7a5a_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 11px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><img alt="Ehon Taka Kagami 15" height="416" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7702/17093225177_1487dda85d_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 11px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><img alt="Ehon Taka Kagami 6" height="416" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7693/16678215534_1280217852_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 11px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><img alt="Ehon Taka Kagami 5" height="418" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7668/17114477609_0c79d06497_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 11px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><img alt="Ehon Taka Kagami 13" height="410" src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8713/17300687815_15a7b81288_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 11px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><img alt="Ehon Taka Kagami 1" height="417" src="https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8696/17298846872_bafe81c82c_z.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 11px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="518" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><blockquote style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #eae9e5; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 13.33px; margin-left: 20px; margin-right: 20px; margin-top: 13.33px; orphans: 2; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; padding-top: 5px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
"This magnificent work was issued once in a single first and only edition, and is complete in five volumes. The first series: 3 vols. were published in 1877, followed by the second series consisting of 2 volumes in 1879. [..] <br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" />
This marvelous work uses crushed mica as an integral part of the hand-made Washi paper. These tiny flecks of mica give a sparkle to the illustrations, and are especially effective on the feather portion of the falcons. Mica gives a realistic and "high-tech" touch to the wood-cut printing technique. [..] The collation of the set is: vol. 1,3,4,5, each have 10p.; vol. 2 has 11p. Every page is nicely illustrated, it contains some 111 illustrations in all. [..]<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" />
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" />
This work is the most comprehensive single monograph devoted to Japanese falconry ever published in the 19th century or in prior periods. Gyôsai's superb artistic skill and solid ability to capture the essence and feel of real and live Japanese falconry has yet to be surpassed in woodcut media. The application of mica dust is now a lost art, and never done. The work outlines the ancient methods and culture of the falcon. This work records the last of the ancient falconry methods of care, raising and training, again a lost art in Japan." [<a href="http://www.zvab.com/KAGAMI-ILLUSTRATED-MIRROR-HAWKS-PICTURES-DIFFERENT/224238387/buch" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;" title="ZVZB, a German rare book dealer">source</a>]</blockquote>
<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: auto; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
</span><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia,Serif; font-size: 13.33px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; overflow: visible; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; width: 510px; word-spacing: 0px; word-wrap: break-word;">
<li style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: 510px; word-wrap: break-word;"><a href="http://educators.mfa.org/asia-africa/ehon-taka-kagami-illustrated-mirror-falconry-44709" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-size: 18.06px;"><b><i>'Ehon Taka Kagami'</i> can be viewed at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston</b></span></a>.</li>
<li style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: 510px; word-wrap: break-word;"><a href="http://takenote.chs.harvard.edu/node/41" style="background-color: #fffeb7; color: #cc6600; text-decoration: underline;">'Falconry Illustrated'</a> is a section of a Harvard University exhibition showing some Japanese falconry illustrations from before 1800.</li>
<li style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: 510px; word-wrap: break-word;">Tangential at best: raptors versus drones - <a href="https://www.metafilter.com/143506/A-New-Golden-Age-of-Falconry" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;">*A New Golden Age of Falconry*</a>.</li>
</ul>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-52064458268113950182018-03-30T15:13:00.000-07:002018-03-30T15:15:12.145-07:00The Coral Book, 18th C<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h3 class="post-title entry-title">
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<img alt="Madrepora agaricites (detail)" height="315" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3622/3464138495_a90ac27774.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="400" /><br />
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<img alt="Millepora miniacea" height="500" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3567/3464961796_609ec04773.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="363" /><br />
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<img alt="Madrepora anthophyllum" height="500" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3624/3464955288_1656465379.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="361" /><br />
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<img alt="Madrepora cuspidata" height="500" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3566/3464140769_4545b807f3.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="364" /><br />
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<img alt="Madrepora natans (detail)" height="385" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3602/3464960484_840a096324.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Millepora alciornis" height="500" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3643/3464961648_c41f4bae2e.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="360" /><br />
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<img alt="Cellepora leprosa" height="500" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3582/3464135407_7aa3cfab92.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="365" /><br />
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<img alt="Millepora polymorpha (detail)" height="465" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3519/3464145989_500600b098.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Isis nobilis (Esper coral book)" height="500" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3522/3464135731_2b3b204ccf.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="358" /><br />
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<img alt="Madrepora cristata (detail)" height="452" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3567/3464140127_ffd530c2f0.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Isis ochraea" height="500" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3617/3464953332_7e9427b712.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="363" /><br />
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<img alt="Madrepora labyrithiformis (detail)" height="413" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3628/3464958308_083dbb1f85.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Madrepora porites (Esper coral book)" height="500" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3478/3464144685_96c57fe83d.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="355" /><br />
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<img alt="Subipora musica + purpurea" height="500" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3631/3464146617_df6b955862.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="372" /><br />
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<img alt="Madrepora caerulea" height="500" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3591/3465210482_3c8ab1dc81.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="369" /><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Zoologist, lepidopterist and naturalist, Eugenius JC Esper <small>(1742-1810)</small>,
inherited his father's love of natural history which he pursued as a
sideline to his lectureship duties in science at the University of
Erlangen in Germany.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">He would rise to head the Department of
Natural History in Erlangen while expanding their zoological collections
substantially (his butterfly <a href="http://www.zsm.mwn.de/lep/e/teilsammlg.htm">collection</a>
still exists). He also published a number of copiously illustrated
monograph collections relating to seaweeds, butterflies, coral, birds,
insects as well as mineralology and general natural history.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The present work is entitled <span style="font-style: italic;">'Die Pflanzenthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Farben erleuchtet nebst Beschreibungen'</span>
(something like: Natural animal-plants in colour with enlightened
commentary) that was first published in ~1791. I get the feeling there
were a number of editions or it appeared in excerpts and was
subsequently republished as a collection with a variable number of
illustrations.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The majority of the images above were sourced from the <span style="font-weight: bold;">new</span> <a href="http://natura.uni-hd.de/">natural history collection at the University of Heidelberg</a>. <span style="font-size: 85%;">(I've
had that bookmarked for months waiting for it to be populated and it
looks like almost all the authors have appeared on BibliOdyssey
previously)</span>. Click on anything below <span style="font-style: italic;">'Inhalt'</span> at the <a href="http://diglit.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/esper1791bd1"><span style="font-style: italic;">'Die Pflanzenthiere..'</span> webpage</a> and then click <span style="font-style: italic;">'vorschau'</span> to load all the thumbnail pages.</span><br />
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<ul><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Or, better still, see the <a href="http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/ebind/mfn/esper4-2006-Mn016E3/XML/">Humboldt University Edoc server version of <span style="font-style: italic;">'Die Pflanzenthiere..'</span> here</a> (that I only just discovered which has - to my mind - better quality illustrations : last image above)</span></li>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Wikipedia on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenius_Johann_Christoph_Esper">Eugenius Esper</a>.</span></li>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://www.panteek.com/books.html">Panteek</a> have/had a copy of <span style="font-style: italic;">'Die Pflanzenthiere..'</span> for sale for ~$38,000.</span></li>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
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<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://books.google.com.au/books?id=ttQUAAAAYAAJ"><span style="font-style: italic;">'Icones fucorum'</span> </a>(seaweed) at Googlebooks.</span></li>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Esper%2C%20Eugen%20Johann%20Christoph%2C%201742-1810%22"><span style="font-style: italic;">'Die ausländischen Schmetterlinge..'</span></a> (butterflies) at the Internet Archive.</span></li>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">On coral</span> (Phylum Cnidaria, Class Anthozoa): <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coral">Wikipedia</a> --- <a href="http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/cnidaria/anthozoa.html">Berkeley U</a> & <a href="http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Anthozoa&contgroup=Cnidaria">Tree of Life</a> on Anthozoa.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-64292633035233891042018-03-24T04:34:00.001-07:002018-03-24T04:36:35.501-07:00The Treasures of Troyes, 14th C<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div style="line-height: 21.33px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/1600/Troyes%20Mus%3F%3Fes%2C%20inv%202003.3.463.%20Charte%20de%20Charles%20V%20..1%20Charles%20V%20et%20Pierre%20de%20Villiers%20en%20pri%3F%3Fre.jpg" style="clear: left; color: #9d1961; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="2 figures pray before the cross" border="0" height="227" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/400/Troyes%20Mus%3F%3Fes%2C%20inv%202003.3.463.%20Charte%20de%20Charles%20V%20..1%20Charles%20V%20et%20Pierre%20de%20Villiers%20en%20pri%3F%3Fre.jpg" style="border-image: none; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 70px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="400" /></a>Troyes Musées, inv 2003.3.463. '<span style="font-style: italic;">Charte de Charles V - Charles V </span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-style: italic;">et Pierre de Villiers en Prière</span>' (Parisian gothic style from c.1367)</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/1600/Troyes%20Illuminated%20M%3F%3Fdiath%3F%3Fque%2C%20ms.129%20%20Nicolas%20de%20Lyre%2C%20Postilles..jpg" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="judge in court" border="0" height="240" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/400/Troyes%20Illuminated%20M%3F%3Fdiath%3F%3Fque%2C%20ms.129%20%20Nicolas%20de%20Lyre%2C%20Postilles..jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 70px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="400" /></a>ms.129 '<span style="font-style: italic;">Nicolas de Lyre, Postilles - Maître Enseignant</span>', illuminated</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
by 2 artists from Troyes in the 1470s as part of a body of work</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
that was produced for the rich families of Troyes.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/1600/Troyes%20Illuminated%20M%3F%3Fdiath%3F%3Fque%2C%20ms.512%20%20Ep%3F%3Ftres%20de%20saint%20Paul%20glos%3F%3Fes.jpg" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="illuminated letter P" border="0" height="331" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/400/Troyes%20Illuminated%20M%3F%3Fdiath%3F%3Fque%2C%20ms.512%20%20Ep%3F%3Ftres%20de%20saint%20Paul%20glos%3F%3Fes.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 70px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="400" /></a>ms.512 '<span style="font-style: italic;">Epîtres de Saint Paul Glosées</span>' from the Roman period</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
of the 11th and 12th centuries - produced in the Abbey of Clairvaux.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/1600/Troyes%20Illuminated%20M%3F%3Fdiath%3F%3Fque%2C%20Tr%3F%3Fsor%20de%20la%20cath%3F%3Fdrale%2C%20ms.12%20%20Psautier%20du%20comte%20Henri..jpg" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="gold illumination letter Q" border="0" height="376" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/400/Troyes%20Illuminated%20M%3F%3Fdiath%3F%3Fque%2C%20Tr%3F%3Fsor%20de%20la%20cath%3F%3Fdrale%2C%20ms.12%20%20Psautier%20du%20comte%20Henri..jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 70px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="400" /></a><u>Trésor de la Cathédrale</u>: ms.12 '<span style="font-style: italic;">Psautier du Comte Henri</span>'.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolingian_minuscule" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;">carolingian</a> manuscript from before AD 850.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/1600/Troyes%20Illuminated%20a.jpg" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="Illuminated Initiale du Livre d'Ezéchiel" border="0" height="400" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/400/Troyes%20Illuminated%20a.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 123.5px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="293" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/1600/Troyes%20Illuminated.jpg" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="Letter H illuminated with animal" border="0" height="400" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/400/Troyes%20Illuminated.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 109.5px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="321" /></a>The above 2 images are from ms.28 '<span style="font-style: italic;">Bible de Montiéramey</span>' from about 1160,</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
a monumental transition work between Roman and gothic style periods.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/1600/Troyes%20Illuminated%20M%3F%3Fdiath%3F%3Fque%2C%20ms.92%20tome%201%20Pierre%20Lombard%2C%20Commentaire%20sur%20les%20Psaumes.%20David%20jouant%20de%20la%20harpe.jpg" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="illuminated letter B" border="0" height="400" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/400/Troyes%20Illuminated%20M%3F%3Fdiath%3F%3Fque%2C%20ms.92%20tome%201%20Pierre%20Lombard%2C%20Commentaire%20sur%20les%20Psaumes.%20David%20jouant%20de%20la%20harpe.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 150px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="240" /></a>ms.92 '<span style="font-style: italic;">Pierre Lombard, Commentaire sur les Psaumes - David Jouant de la Harpe</span>'.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The 'Manerius' style from the late 12th C</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/1600/Troyes%20Illuminated%20M%3F%3Fdiath%3F%3Fque%2C%20ms.103%20%20Gratien%2C%20D%3F%3Fcret..jpg" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="illuminated letter H" border="0" height="400" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/400/Troyes%20Illuminated%20M%3F%3Fdiath%3F%3Fque%2C%20ms.103%20%20Gratien%2C%20D%3F%3Fcret..jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 129.5px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="281" /></a>ms.103 '<span style="font-style: italic;">Gratien, Décret - Pouvoir Ecclésiastique et Pouvoir Laïc</span>' - 12th century.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/1600/Troyes%20Illuminated%20M%3F%3Fdiath%3F%3Fque%2C%20ms.27%20tome%201%20%20Grande%20Bible%20de%20Clairvaux..jpg" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="monochromatic illuminated letter" border="0" height="400" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/400/Troyes%20Illuminated%20M%3F%3Fdiath%3F%3Fque%2C%20ms.27%20tome%201%20%20Grande%20Bible%20de%20Clairvaux..jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); display: block; margin: 0px 113.5px 10px; padding: 4px; text-align: center;" width="313" /></a>ms.27 '<span style="font-style: italic;">Grande Bible de Clairvaux</span>' also produced in the Abbey of Clairvaux</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
which was established by St Bernard in 1132. This 12th century manuscript</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
is the oldest example of the monochromatic style that became fashionable</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
when certain embellishments were proscribed by St Bernard.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
[click images for larger versions]</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.mediatheque-agglo-troyes.fr/bmtroyes/site_root/index.html" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;">As part of a current exhibition (until October 14) La Médiathèque de l’Agglomération Troyenne in NE France have a flash website displaying extracts from 27 illuminated manuscripts produced between the 9th and 15th centuries</a>.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The <a href="http://www.tourism-troyes.com/0/collection/mediatheque.asp" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;">media library in Troyes</a> are said to have the richest collection of illuminated manuscripts in France, outside of the french national library. Documents have been contributed to the exhibition from a number of local public, private and religious sources. The site is in french.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br style="float: none; overflow: visible; width: auto; word-wrap: break-word;" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
In addition to the flash presentation there are <a href="http://www.mediatheque-agglo-troyes.fr/bmtroyes/site_root/video.htm" style="color: #9d1961; text-decoration: none;">downloadable quicktime (.exe) movies</a> but I'm not sure they are worth the bandwidth. I watched the smallest one (~60Mb) and it was a nicely produced montage, although not particularly additive to the plain jpeg manuscript images. But the films are are also available in smaller format streams.
</div>
</div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br /></div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-3014227503993260902018-03-12T15:09:00.002-07:002018-03-12T15:13:20.830-07:00Locomotive Builders' Prints, 19th C<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #4c1130; font-size: large;">Mid-1800s Locomotive Builders' Prints </span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #4c1130; font-size: large;">from The Boston Athenæum</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="273" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ws81S52cXXk/UioBSFHDZEI/AAAAAAAAI9M/hhQTovtQgj4/s400/Twenty+Four+Ton+Passenger+Engine,+'Gen.+Stark',+delineated+by+Chas+F+Thomas+of+Taunton+Mass..jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Twenty Four Ton Passenger Engine, 'Gen. Stark', delineated by Chas F Thomas of Taunton Mass. (lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="400" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Twenty Four Ton Passenger Engine, </b><br />
<b><u>'Gen. Stark'</u>, </b><br />
<b>delineated by </b><b>Chas F Thomas </b><br />
<b>of Taunton Mass.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="242" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-DFhj2MQ7ibw/UioBK16iShI/AAAAAAAAI8c/0FGq3Kxo078/s400/McKay+++Aldus+Iron+Works,+East+Boston,+Mass.+Manufacture+Locomotive+Engines+++Tenders,+Marine+Engines,+Iron+++Wooden+Steam+Ships,+Sugar+Mills,+Machinery+etc+etc.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="McKay + Aldus Iron Works, East Boston, Mass. Manufacture Locomotive Engines + Tenders, Marine Engines, Iron + Wooden Steam Ships, Sugar Mills, Machinery etc etc
(lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="400" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>McKay & Aldus Iron Works, East Boston, Mass. </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Manufacture Locomotive Engines & Tenders, </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Marine Engines, Iron & Wooden Steam Ships, </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Sugar Mills, Machinery &c. &c.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="252" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-RsXw25f9474/UioBSwn2YII/AAAAAAAAI9Y/0RVQY6QE1gY/s400/Wm.+Mason+++Co.+Builders+Taunton+Mass..jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Wm. Mason + Co. Builders Taunton Mass. (lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="400" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Wm. Mason & Co. Builders, Taunton, Mass.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="378" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-B7qrkJbm568/UioBG3mMC3I/AAAAAAAAI70/wjt6IQywm8U/s640/Amoskeag+Manufacturing+Co.+Outside+Passenger+Engine+Manchester+NH.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Amoskeag Manufacturing Co. Outside Passenger Engine Manchester NH(lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="518" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Amoskeag Manufacturing Co. </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><b>Outside Passenger Engine, </b></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><b>Manchester, NH</b></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="348" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-JUyqMYWCO-8/UioBGxonZhI/AAAAAAAAI7w/pzaNNLhiO9Q/s640/Boston+Locomotive+Works+1854+Holmes+Hinkley,+Agent,+No.+380+Harrison+Avenue,+Boston,+Mass..jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Boston Locomotive Works 1854 Holmes Hinkley, Agent, No. 380 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Mass.(lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="518" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Boston Locomotive Works 1854 Holmes Hinkley, </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Agent, No. 380 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Mass.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="343" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-awnOh0tNcs0/UioBKDmpQbI/AAAAAAAAI8Q/2Nf73JQUUQA/s640/Locomotive+for+Passengers+with+Outside+Cylinders.+Built+by+the+Lowell+Machine+Shop+1852.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Locomotive for Passengers with Outside Cylinders. Built by the Lowell Machine Shop 1852(lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="518" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Locomotive for Passengers with Outside Cylinders. </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Built by the Lowell Machine Shop, 1852</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="400" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Di3xt-DsEUM/UioBKunvguI/AAAAAAAAI8Y/OQckk8gCwyY/s640/Manchester+Locomotive+Works+Manufacturers+of+Locomotives,+Stationary+Steam+Engines+and+Tools.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Manchester Locomotive Works Manufacturers of Locomotives, Stationary Steam Engines and Tools(lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="518" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Manchester Locomotive Works Manufacturers of </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Locomotives, Stationary Steam Engines and Tools</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="343" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-bTbBxV2mH4s/UioBIqISs5I/AAAAAAAAI8I/A9h8nLob3UI/s640/Locomotive+Engine+-+Lowell+Ma+--+100pc+scale+in+URL+string.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Locomotive Engine for Passengers as built the Lowell Machine Shop, Lowell Mass. 1852 (lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="518" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Locomotive Engine for Passengers as built by </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>the Lowell Machine Shop, Lowell Mass. 1852</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="343" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-vGeFcyYW2JY/UioBML36IEI/AAAAAAAAI8o/sGpIO7y7OgE/s640/Portland+Company's+Passenger+Engine,+1854.+Portland,+Maine.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Portland Company's Passenger Engine, 1854. Portland, Maine (lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="518" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Portland Company's Passenger Engine, 1854. Portland, Maine</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="343" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-UHdoLL5hGVo/UioBH7l-0JI/AAAAAAAAI8A/LpWnEyX9_pw/s640/Lawrence+Machine+Shop,+Lawrence,+Mass.+Passenger+Engine+22+Tons.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title=" Lawrence Machine Shop, Lawrence, Mass. Passenger Engine 22 Tons (lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="518" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Lawrence Machine Shop, </b><br />
<b>Lawrence, </b><b>Mass. </b><br />
<b>Passenger Engine </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><u>'Abbott Lawrence'</u>, 22 Tons</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="309" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-sQetR46g5B8/UioBOAgTDOI/AAAAAAAAI88/X_SOwfxXPcQ/s640/Portland+Company's+Passenger+Locomotive,+'Minnehaha',+1856+-+John+Sparrow+Superintendent.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="(lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="518" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Portland Company's, </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Passenger Locomotive, </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><u>'Minnehaha'</u>, 1856</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>John Sparrow Superintendent</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="319" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-VB8T2VseoQQ/UioBNcjDw8I/AAAAAAAAI8w/_7nDEfamvEo/s640/Taunton+Locomotive+Manf.g+Co.+Taunton+Mass.+Willard+W+Fairbanks,+Agent.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Taunton Locomotive Manf.g Co. Taunton Mass. Willard W Fairbanks, Agent (lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="518" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Taunton Locomotive </b><br />
<b>Manf.g Co. </b><b>Taunton Mass. </b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>William A Crocker, Treas.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Willard W Fairbanks, Agent</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="locomotive builder's lithograhic print" border="0" height="393" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-38BTjc0u6RM/UioBUL6ahcI/AAAAAAAAI9g/FRE9ZaM-usc/s640/Wm.+Mason,+Taunton,+Mass.+'Highland+Light'.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Wm. Mason, Taunton, Mass. 'Highland Light' (lithograph via The Boston Athenæum)" width="518" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Wm. Mason, Taunton, Mass. <u>'Highland Light'</u></b></div>
<hr style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" />
<hr style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"The locomotive industry emerged in mid-nineteenth-century America with
the development and rapid expansion of the railroad network. As the
number of locomotive manufacturers increased, the industry became
intensely competitive, and builders vied with one another to capture the
attention of railroad companies, officials, and agents. The first
locomotive builders’ prints were created in the late 1830s and ‘40s in
response to this industry competition. These lithographic portraits of
locomotives were soon considered to be essential to the manufacturers’
promotion of their machines. Locomotive builders’ prints differed from
ordinary advertising prints or landscape views with picturesque trains.
Instead, they were a unique type of print, a hybrid designed both to
attract potential customers and to provide accurate technical
information about locomotive engines and cars. [..] </blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
With the introduction of chromolithography in the 1840s and ‘50s,
locomotive manufacturers began commissioning color prints of their
engines. Early American locomotives were often painted and colorfully
decorated; chromolithographic locomotive builders’ prints offer a rare
insight into the decorative designs, finishes, and materials favored by
manufacturers. The use of color in the 1850s ushered in what has been
called the golden age of the locomotive builders’ prints. Larger in
scale than the prints of the 1830s and early 1840s, they were composed
of bold, opaque colors with glittering bronze and metallic powders. As
locomotive manufacturers competed for the customer’s eye, lithographic
artists began portraying locomotives in landscapes often with reference
to the factories in which they were built. [..]</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
These lavish prints were much prized by locomotive manufacturers. [..]
The November 8, 1856 issue of the Railroad Advocate stated that these
prints were the <i>“appropriate adornments for the offices of every
variety of business connected with railroads; they are consulted by
master mechanics and locomotive buyers; they are the master-pieces in
the parlors of many engineers of good taste. . . .”</i> The time and
money invested in producing locomotive builders’ prints indicates that
they were not typical advertising ephemera. In fact, they were clearly
designed as framing prints to be hung in railroad offices and depots,
hotels, saloons, and parlors where they might seduce not only
prospective buyers but the general traveling public as well."</blockquote>
</div>
<hr style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<ul>
<li style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cdm16057.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/landingpage/collection/p16057coll19" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>The Locomotive Builders' Prints Collection is online at The Boston Athenæum</b></span></a> [Digital Collection <a href="http://cdm16057.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/" target="_blank">home-site</a>)</li>
<li style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://cdm.bostonathenaeum.org/cdm/landingpage/collection/p16057coll4" target="_blank">Boston and Albany Railroad Company and South Station</a> (cyanotype photograph collection at The Boston Athenæum)</li>
</ul>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-17216887450849139752017-11-05T07:18:00.002-08:002017-11-05T07:18:48.262-08:00Sword Hilt Designs (16 up to 18th C)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Antoine Jacquard (1610-1630)" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2715/4142453722_eec2ac41e0.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="376" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Antoine Jacquard (1610-1630) a" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2514/4142454222_dbc51ab885.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="374" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Antoine Jacquard (1610-1630) b" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2595/4142454816_48ff0c9137.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="364" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Antoine Jacquard (1610-1630) c" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2707/4142455352_9d8948f283.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="382" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Antoine Jacquard (1610-1630) d" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2501/4142455846_c35b25d431.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="376" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">A
set of plates by Antoine Jacquard representing designs in blackwork for
sword handles, dagger hilts and pommels, decorated with abstracted
foliage, grotesques, chimeric figures and drolleries. Produced between
about 1610 and 1630. <small>[<a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/advanced_search.aspx">source</a>]</small></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Hans Holbein the Younger (1532-1543)" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2726/4142492678_eb7ce128e1.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="351" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Dagger
hilt with mushroom-shaped pommel featuring a grotesque mask and
recurved quillons with ends scrolled like rams' horns; one of five
designs for dagger hilts and pommels, from the 'Jewellery Book' by Hans
Holbein the Younger in black ink and grey wash. Dates to around 1537. <small>[<a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/advanced_search.aspx">source</a>]</small></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Hans Holbein the Younger (1536-1538) (Tate)" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2529/4142497060_de12e5100f.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="483" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Another
Holbein sketch from the from the same [~1537] 'Five Designs for Dagger
Hilts and Pommels' series in which he has shaped the pommels and guards
of these highly-finished designs from a variety of motifs in his
repertoire, fitting grotesque heads, musicians, acanthus leaves, scaly
tentacles and rams’ horns with flowing ease into the required forms of
the dagger hilts. <small>[<a href="http://www.tate.org.uk/britain/exhibitions/holbein/rooms/room4.htm">source</a>]</small></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">It
is thought that one of the most important dimensions of Holbein's
tenure at the English royal court was ornamental weaponry design. These
hilt types bear stylistic similarities to, for instance, the kind of
dagger seen in the <a href="http://www.tate.org.uk/britain/exhibitions/holbein/rooms/room4.htm">drawing of King Henry VIII on this page</a> from the Tate Holbein exhibition site.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">{slight tangent: It is probably no little coincidence, then, that the Swiss artist, <a href="http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2007/01/graphic-mercenary.html">Urs Graf</a>, incorporated Holbein's famous Danse Macabre figures into an engraved dagger and scabbard <a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/x/blogger/1717/1584/1600/154406/Graf%20engraves%20Holbein%27s%20Dance%20of%20Death%20on%20Knives%201521.jpg">design</a>}</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Heinrich Aldegrever 1536 (HAB)" height="1024" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2683/4142494168_03793e13da_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="348" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Heinrich Aldegrever 1537 (HAB)" height="1024" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2553/4142495556_a2cbe4deab_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="268" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Heinrich Aldegrever 1539 (HAB)" height="1024" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2626/4142496844_03c8e0840f_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="319" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Dagger
hilt and sheath designs by Heinrich Aldegrever from the late 1530s with
acanthus foliage and grotesque motifs. [images spliced together from
screencaps] <small>[<a href="http://dbs.hab.de/grafik/" title="'griff'">source</a>]</small></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">{Aside: As I recall, Aldegrever wasn't the only artist to copy the <a href="http://www.art-appraisals-and-research.com/albrecht-durer-signature.html">Dürer monogram design</a>}</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Peter Flötner design (1495-1546)" height="1280" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2781/4141753477_9da3a074e3_o.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Peter Flötner design (1495-1546)" width="504" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Peter Flötner design (1495-1546) a" height="1191" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2608/4142511510_579b19bbac_o.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Peter Flötner design (1495-1546) a" width="500" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Peter Flötner design (1495-1546) b" height="1085" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2518/4142511868_0b269550f1_o.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Peter Flötner design (1495-1546) b" width="425" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Peter Flötner<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Fl%C3%B6tner">*</a> hilt designs featuring arabesques, grotesques, trophies and weapon mascarons from the first half of the 16th century <small>[<a href="http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/zoeken/?lang=en">source</a>]</small></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Nuremberg hilt 1540s probably Flötner (Met.)" height="399" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2651/4142520906_f6f8ba102a.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">"Original
designs for Renaissance swords are exceptionally rare, although notable
examples by such renowned artists as Hans Holbein the Younger and
Giulio Romano are preserved. Previously unrecorded, the present drawing
is a significant addition to this small corpus and is a work of art in
its own right. The style and iconography point to Nuremberg and possibly
to Peter Flötner<a href="http://www.ornamentalprints.eu/sdb/do/start.state" title="look up 'Flötner' in MAK for his ornamental designs">*</a> (<span style="font-style: italic;">ca.</span> 1485–1546), one of that city's most versatile artists.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Of
robust proportions, the hilt was presumably intended as a side arm to
be executed in chased silver or gold. The pommel is conceived in the
round with four female heads beneath an imperial crown, while the grip
is embellished with a double-headed imperial eagle incorporated into a
classical trophy of arms. The guard, formed of undulating branches of
acanthus leaves and scrolls, is asymmetrical, one quillon ending in a
shield-bearing demi-lion and the other in a Janus head. A lion's head at
the intersection of the quillons anchors the composition.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">The
design is novel and has strong Italianate features, hallmarks of
Flötner's oeuvre. The trophies in particular recall one of the artist's
woodcut designs for a dagger grip. The distinctive crowned pommel, on
the other hand, is virtually identical to one in the design for a sword
of Emperor Charles V that is dated 1544 and ascribed to the celebrated
Nuremberg goldsmith Wenzel Jamnitzer<a href="http://bibliodyssey.blogspot.com/2009/08/jamnitzer-perspectiva.html">*</a>
(1508–1585). The present drawing, however, reflects none of the
Mannerist aesthetic of Jamnitzer's art and is clearly by a different
hand and probably of a slightly earlier date. However, the presence of
the imperial iconography suggests that it too was created for Charles
V." <small>[<a href="http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/decaa/ho_2000.27.htm">source</a>]</small></span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Giulio Romano sketch (between about 1520 and 1546)" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2796/4145989109_13de033189.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="437" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">A
sword hilt with the pommel in the form of a mountain surrounded by a
spiral path leading to a temple, drawn by Giulio Romano in pen and brown
ink between about 1520 and 1546. The Mount Olympus, as represented
here, with the addition of the words "Fides" and "Olympus", was an
impressa of the ruler of Mantua, Federico II Gonzaga<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giulio_Romano">*</a> (this detail both helps date the design and gives some - although not conclusive - indication of its origins). <small>[<a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/advanced_search.aspx">source</a>]</small></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Wenzel Jamnitzer (1550s)" height="1024" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2612/4146274417_5639eba777_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="436" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">1550s
design for a dagger and sheath by Wenzel Jamnitzer in brown and black
ink, graphite, grey wash and gold hightlighting (the fire). The weapon
is decorated with 'the defiance of Mucius Scaevola'<a href="http://www.livius.org/mu-mz/mucius/scaevola.html">*</a>, grotesque figures and an interlace of arabesques, among the many intricate ornamental details. <small>[<a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/advanced_search.aspx">source</a>]</small></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Pierre Woeiriot 1555-1562 c" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2623/4142512606_82bf4644cf.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="494" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Pierre Woeiriot 1555-1562" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2587/4142512900_def409ac24.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="467" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Pierre Woeiriot 1555-1562 a" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2711/4141755531_b80100af13.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="494" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Pierre Woeiriot 1555-1562 b" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2755/4142513874_2a2cde80fc.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="488" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Pierre Woeiriot 1555 (MFA)" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2630/4141757649_cbcf7a9a08.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="498" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Pierre Woeiriot 1555-1562 V+A" height="528" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2599/4141761201_8aa3356043_o.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Pierre Woeiriot 1555-1562 V+A" width="512" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">"This
engraving, designed and engraved by Pierre Woëriot, shows a handle and a
guard for a sword. The design is inspired by the grotesque, with
imaginary creatures bending into the swordhilt. The original design
drawing is also in the Museum’s collection (Museum no E.664-1929) this
is a copy with slight variations.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ornament designs like this were
copied by artisans and craftsmen. The theme of the grotesque was a
popular one around this period. Grotesque derives from the Italian word
grottesco. The style was inspired by ancient Roman designs discovered at
the end of the 15th century in the underground rooms, or grottoes, of
the Golden House of Emperor Nero in Rome. Grotesque ornament was used to
decorate a wide range of objects, such as ceramics, and the style was
much copied by Renaissance artists."</span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Anonymous 16th C (recto) (related to Woeiriot)" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2617/4141699125_2501b7a809.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="307" /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Anonymous 16th C (related to Woeiriot)" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2777/4142456352_192177f37e.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="314" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">The
above eight incredibly imaginative sword and dagger hilt designs
featuring a wide range of structural and ornamental motifs such as
chimeric figures, nudes, acanthus leaves, grotesque masks and animal
heads. The designs, from about the 1550s and 1560s, are by the French
goldsmith and artist <a href="http://www.answers.com/topic/pierre-woeiriot-2">Pierre Woeiriot II</a> [Woëriot] (the last couple are either by, or modelled after, Woeiriot's work). <small>[sources: <a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/advanced_search.aspx">BM</a>, <a href="http://www.mfa.org/index.asp">MFA</a>, <a href="http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/?lang=en">RM</a>, <a href="http://collections.vam.ac.uk/">V&A</a>]</small></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Wenceslaus Hollar 1630-1670 (Toronto)" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2549/4141761019_b1e869596e.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="355" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Wenceslaus Hollar 1630-1670 (Toronto) a" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2774/4146555837_4e6a6cb068.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="332" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Sword,
dagger and scabbard designs by Hans Holbein the Younger and engraved by
Wenceslaus Hollar. They date to around the 1640s. <small>[<a href="http://link.library.utoronto.ca/hollar/index.cfm">source</a>]</small></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="renaissance sword hilt design" height="596" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2503/4141756807_53f4fc4df2_o.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Polidoro Caldara design at full size" width="481" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Hilt
design in brown ink and inkwash, graphite and white chalk by Polidoro
Caldara (aka Polidoro da Caravaggio) from around 1510 to 1540 <small>[<a href="http://arts-graphiques.louvre.fr/fo/visite?srv=home">source</a>]</small></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="16th century arabesque hilt design" height="1245" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2610/4142453198_277bdb89da_o.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="Bernard Salomon design (1516-1571) at full size" width="500" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Sword hilt, from the mid-1500s, designed by Bernard Salomon featuring arabesques. <small>[<a href="http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/zoeken/?lang=en">source</a>]</small></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4142513394/sizes/o/" title="L'Oeuvre de Juste-Aurèle Meissonnier (series title) (by Gabriel Huquier; 1738-1751)"><img alt="L'Oeuvre de Juste-Aurèle Meissonnier (series title) (by Gabriel Huquier; 1738-1751)" height="449" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2544/4142513394_0acd8ca37a.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">This is a republished print from a 1740 series by Gabriel Huquier called <span style="font-style: italic;">'L'Oeuvre de Juste-Aurèle Meissonnier'</span>.
The original Meissonnier designs had been commissioned for rococo
goldsmiths: one of these swords was produced for the 1725 wedding
between King Louis XV and Maria Leszczyńska of Poland. <small>[<a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/advanced_search.aspx">source</a>]</small></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4142513664/sizes/o/" title="Liüre de Feüillages et d'Ouvrages d'Orfevrerie Inventees par J. l. Juge (series title) 1700"><img alt="belt, sword hilt and jewellery designs" height="421" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2718/4142513664_8340ae6ea4.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Belt, hilt and sundry jewellery designs engraved by RJ Folkemma from the series, <span style="font-style: italic;">'Liüre de Feüillages et d'Ouvrages d'Orfevrerie Inventees par JL Juge'</span>, first published in about 1670 <small>[<a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/advanced_search.aspx">source</a>]</small>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4141756699/sizes/o/" title="Jean Toutin 1619"><img alt="Jean Toutin 1619" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2604/4141756699_29f936f7c3.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="380" /></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Design
for a hilt in blackwork with pea pods surrounded by two goldsmiths, and
a small scene with two swordsmen fighting [1619]. From a small and
beautiful series by French enamel-worker, Jean Toutin<a href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/600915/Jean-Toutin">*</a> <small>[<a href="http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/advanced_search.aspx" title="it's worth searching for 'jean toutin' to retrieve the whole blackwork series">source</a>]</small></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4142520734/sizes/l/" title="Modèle de l'épée de Louis XVI, en diamants roses de la Couronne, exécutée le 30 novembre 1789 (engraved by Armano) (Versailles)"><img alt="Modèle de l'épée de Louis XVI, en diamants roses de la Couronne, exécutée le 30 novembre 1789 (engraved by Armano) (Versailles)" height="431" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2563/4142520734_15f0dd33be.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Model of Louis<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XVI_of_France">*</a> XVI's coronation sword embellished with rose diamonds. Engraved by Armano in September 1789 (!). <small>[<a href="http://banqueimages.crcv.fr/newsearch.aspx?advanced=">source</a>]</small></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4142516768/sizes/o/" title="Patna design (about 1800)"><img alt="Patna design (about 1800)" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2663/4142516768_49e70d3164.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="312" /></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Ornamental dagger hilt design in ink and inkwash, produced in Patna (India) in about 1800. <small>[<a href="http://www.mfa.org/collections/search_art.asp">source</a>]</small></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/4141758327/sizes/o/" title="Rajasthani design (17th or 18th cent.) MFA"><img alt="Rajasthani design (17th or 18th cent.) MFA" height="1024" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2715/4141758327_bd601a1c5e_b.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Hilt design in ink and coloured chalk, produced in Rajasthan (India) in the 17th or 18th centuries. <small>[<a href="http://www.mfa.org/collections/search_art.asp">source</a>]</small></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="GG McCrae 1800s Design for Naval Sword hilt (NLA)" height="585" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2646/4141739827_d8f446b57f_o.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" title="19th century naval hilt design with dolphin" width="426" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Design for a naval sword hilt from a watercolour and ink album produced in the late 1800s by GG McCrae<a href="http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/A050158b.htm">*</a> <small>[<a href="http://www.nla.gov.au/digicoll/pictures.html">source</a>]</small></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="'Pattern book for jewellers' by A Fischer (1880s) (NYPL)" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2510/4142514574_395981c701.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="363" /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">This
plate from an 1880s pattern book for jewellers by A Fischer features
various jewels by Tissot as well as the design for a presentation sword
hilt. <small>[<a href="http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/index.cfm">source</a>]</small></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">[<span style="font-style: italic;">In
most cases you can click through to an enlarged version. Some of the
images were very mildly background cleaned. All those with a black
surrounding border were spliced together from screencaps</span>]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">This
is, without question, a woefully inadequate overview and selection and I
probably could have spent another week sifting for further images. I
was heartened to read the Met. Museum blurb advising that there aren't
that many original Renaissance-era hilt designs around.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.thearma.org/terms4.htm">Sword definitions & terminology at the Association for Renaissance Martial Arts</a>.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.realarmorofgod.com/basic-sword-parts.html">More sword and blade terminology at Real Armor of God</a>.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Swords_in_art">Wikimedia: swords in art</a>.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.swordforum.com/">Sword Forum International</a> and their fairly extensive <a href="http://swordforum.com/links/">link pages</a>.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://users.netonecom.net/%7Eswordman/SwordMaking/HiltPage.htm">Doug's Rapier Hilt Making page</a> (from 1998)</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Previously (vague associations) <a href="http://delicious.com/BibliOdyssey/combat">combat</a> & <a href="http://delicious.com/BibliOdyssey/artistry">artistry</a>.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">UPDATE</span>: Some great 1860 plates of hilts by <a href="http://www.bmlisieux.com/galeries/gueyton/gueyton.htm">Alexandre Gueyton at <span style="font-style: italic;">la Médiathèque André Malraux de Lisieux</span></a> </span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.salvatorfabris.com/" title="Rapier Parts"><img alt="Rapier Parts" height="413" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2726/4142613292_6054976f9e_o.gif" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="478" /></a></span></div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-63566143808046154402017-09-10T11:28:00.001-07:002017-09-10T11:28:47.538-07:00The Natural History of Palm Trees, 19th C<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<img alt="Attalea - Cocos - Sabal species" height="640" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3554/3769224332_8da1e61fb0_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<img alt="Borassus flabelliformis" height="744" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2561/3769225644_006849077a_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="515" /><br />
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<img alt="Acrocomia sclerocarpa" height="640" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3462/3769222204_7fac5e0076_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<img alt="Areca nibung" height="733" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3473/3768423075_9fb25fb42f_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="515" /><br />
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<img alt="Astrocaryum species" height="640" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3566/3769223568_14c107ce04_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<img alt="Palm species" height="640" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3545/3768484809_87895b22ff_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<img alt="Palm species sections" height="640" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3526/3769286184_146782a355_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<img alt="Palm species sections a" height="640" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2562/3768487099_917851348f_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<img alt="Bactris longipos + Cocos botryophora" height="640" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2456/3768425095_b56e4d6969_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<img alt="Ceratolobus glaucescens" height="741" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2629/3769227164_1183de61c4_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="515" /><br />
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<img alt="Copernica ceifera" height="640" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2631/3768428995_f8484aa82b_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<img alt="Daemonorops melanochaetes" height="731" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2460/3769279912_54d8f542a3_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="515" /><br />
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<img alt="Thrinax brasiliensis" height="640" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2636/3768550375_ab3751d5f0_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="464" /><br />
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<img alt="Zalacca wallichiana" height="739" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3517/3769351404_344a224d10_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="515" /><br />
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<img alt="Desmoncus polyacanthos" height="640" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2571/3769280566_b9ef886541_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<img alt="Elaeis melanococca" height="699" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3531/3768481481_c30ff5d4d1_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="515" /><br />
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<img alt="Livistona humilis" height="728" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2587/3769282190_ace5c4eb2c_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="515" /><br />
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<img alt="Livistona humilis (fruit + seeds)" height="721" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3551/3769283022_386c83d322_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="515" /><br />
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<img alt="Sagus taedigera" height="640" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2509/3768487741_91961f4f33_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<img alt="Eugeisona tristis" height="640" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3465/3768545281_927e72d66d_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<img alt="Eugeisona tristis (detail)" height="495" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2674/3769362320_e33945771c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="palm symmetry" height="640" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2517/3768429713_0591b2ef67_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<img alt="Plectocomia khasiyana" height="492" src="https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3544/3769363428_73f21dddf4.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">"The
author of over 150 botanical titles, including the great flora of
Brazil, Karl Friedrich Philipp von Martius also wrote the
still-definitive three-volume treatise on the palm family, one of the
first plant monographs. He developed his life-long fascination with
palms during an expedition through Brazil <small>[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carl_Friedrich_Philipp_von_Martius13.jpg">map</a>]</small> from 1817 to 1820, and he worked nearly 30 years to prepare this grand summation, including palms found only as fossils." <small>[<a href="http://sciweb.nybg.org/Science2/Onlinexhibits/exhbtcata.html">source</a>]</small></span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.botanicus.org/bibliography/b12036171"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">All three volumes of </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: italic;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">'Historia Naturalis Palmarum'</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"> are available at the Botanicus website from the Missouri Botanical Gardens</span></a>. This lavishly illustrated series included systematic descriptions of all known species in the palm family (<span style="font-style: italic;">Arecaceae</span>). The illustrations were produced by Martius himself and Ferdinand Bauer (among others).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">You
can get an idea of how enormous the available jp2 image files of each
chromolithograph are by clicking on those couple of illustration details
towards the end of the sampling above. [each image file is about 3Mb
and converts to ~20Mb jpeg files] Mouse over the images - taken from all
three volumes - for the botanical names (in most cases).</span><br />
<ul><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Wikipedia: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Philipp_von_Martius">FP von Martius</a>; <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_naturalis_palmarum">Historia Naturalis Palmarum</a>.</span></li>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.botanischestaatssammlung.de/collectors/martius.html">Biography</a> at <span style="font-style: italic;">Botanische Staatssammlung München</span>.</span></li>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"></span></ul>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-14661837840620511642017-07-04T14:41:00.001-07:002017-07-04T14:41:50.652-07:00Zanerian Alphabets, 19th C.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: #741b47;">The original penwork alphabet designs below are from </span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: #741b47;">the Zaner-Bloser Penmanship <a href="http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/zanerbloser" target="_blank">Collection</a>, donated to the </span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: #741b47;">Harry & Jeanette Weinberg Memorial Library at </span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: #741b47;">the University of Scranton, Pennsylvania in 2010.</span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">"The Weinberg Memorial Library houses the Zaner-Bloser
Penmanship Collection, which is one of the most extensive collections of
American ornamental penmanship from the late 19th and early 20th
centuries." [..]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">The company was founded in 1888 by Charles P. Zaner as the Zanerian
School of Penmanship. Elmer W. Bloser purchased a share of the company
in 1891 and in 1895 the school changed its name to the Zaner-Bloser
Company. Zaner-Bloser Inc. [..]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Originally, the school prepared students for careers as penmen. Penmen
often worked in business, preparing ledgers, writing correspondence and
creating documents before the invention of the typewriter. Zaner-Bloser
also taught students to become teachers of penmanship, illustrators and
engravers, as well as engrossers, who employ the type of ornamental
writing used for diplomas and certificates. During the 20th century
Zaner-Bloser concentrated on the education market providing manuals,
teaching aids, and other materials for elementary schools. [<a href="http://www.scranton.edu/news/royalnews/releases/2013/01/29/Exhibit-Penmanship-School.shtml">source</a>]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">'The company began publishing its own penmanship manuals. As the company
history states: "In 1904, Zaner-Bloser published The Zaner Method of
Arm Movement, a landmark text that taught the simplified style of
writing learned by students at the Zanerian to children in elementary
schools all over the United States. This book also applied the findings
of psychologists who had discovered that young children completed manual
tasks more easily if allowed to use the large arm movements that were
natural to them at their early stage of motor skills development." ' [<a href="http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/about/collection/zanerbloser">source</a>]</span></blockquote>
</div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Zaner album of alphabet designs - Medieval Ornament" height="414" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7289/8717281193_c41ec04f65_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><b>Medieval Ornament alphabet</b></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Zaner-Bloser collection original alphabet - Broad Pen Medieval or Church Text" height="414" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7289/8718399882_14ba6bc6be_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><b>Modernised Broad Pen Medieval and Church Text alphabet</b></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Old English alphabet from Zaner-Bloser Penmanship collection" height="416" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7399/8718399166_c19fc43bed_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">Old English alphabet</span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="original ink design sketch of Ornamental Egyptian alphabet" height="392" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7325/8718398060_e1a3f814d3_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">Ornamental Egyptian alphabet</span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Zanerian typeform, early 20th century - Ornamented Semi-Script" height="393" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7362/8718409622_10ed09b03b_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">Ornamented Semi-Script alphabet</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="ink design of writings script - Ornate Roman" height="391" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7415/8718408822_4e5f5a6986_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><b>Ornate Roman alphabet</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="original ink drawing of penmanship alphabet - Broad-pen Roman" height="416" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7435/8718403136_9809bdfa38_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">Broad-pen Roman alphabet</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Penmanship alphabet example - Round Letter" height="384" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7397/8717288147_a26efae8d2_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><b>Round Letter alphabet</b></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Zaner design for penmanship manual -- Semi-Round Letters" height="393" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7312/8718407212_28fa7ff848_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">Semi-Round Letters alphabet</span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="original ink sketch of Aesthetic Text alphabet" height="390" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7458/8718405536_acae2ec885_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">Aesthetic Text alphabet</span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Penmanship publication design - Block Ornament" height="391" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7443/8717284147_c311117d9b_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">Block Ornament alphabet</span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="alphabet design in pen and ink of Italian Square Top alphabet" height="391" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7408/8717282591_822ba56b4d_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><b>Italian Square Top alphabet</b></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Light Line Block Marking or Skeleton typeform" height="414" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7422/8717281961_690d80c80f_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><b>Light Line Block Marking or Skeleton alphabet</b></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="color: black;"><i>...This is my favourite, results close to me to Din Regular font, which is my most used font; but I cant't use that on blogger... Engineers from Alphabet:: what's going on B)</i></span></span></b></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Zaner-Blosen penmanship collection example design - Single Line Centre or Sickles (U Scranton, Pennsylvania)" height="419" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7299/8718406356_5aa6974afa_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">Single Line Centre or Sickles alphabet</span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="Applied Lettering of Proportional Modification" height="386" src="https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7413/8717285007_e993ddcdd6_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b><span style="color: blue; font-size: medium;">Applied Lettering of Proportion Modification </span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/zanerbloser"><b>The Zaner-Bloser Penmanship Collection at the (Jesuit) University of Scranton</b></a>. (link provided)</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">More specifically, the images above were selected from the 1900 and 1910 editions of <i>'The New Zanerian Alphabets'</i>.
So far, only a small amount of the Weinberg Memorial Library collection
has been posted online. The image files available on the site are very
large (~6000px or more on the long side) but image focus is a
significant issue. I reduced the image sizes by about two thirds for
display here... one last thing, post title should be 20th C but...</span></div>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-36205221690380369062017-05-30T15:12:00.001-07:002017-05-30T15:12:25.225-07:00The Jewel Book, 16th C<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<img alt="Jewel Book of the Duchess Anna of Bavaria (1550s) w" height="640" src="https://farm2.static.flickr.com/1053/3174524808_129b4678b9.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="467" /><br />
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<img alt="Jewel Book of the Duchess Anna of Bavaria (1550s) x" height="640" src="https://farm2.static.flickr.com/1016/3174526274_d16e9672ef.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="471" /><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Puppies and members of the royal court look on as the serious Duchess
Anna and Duke Albrecht V of Bavaria face each other across a chessboard.
We can only speculate as to why such a modest scene was chosen as a
prelude to an album recording, in stark contrast, the ostentatious
display of wealth from their marriage and position in society.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Perhaps they wished to stress that, in spite of the precious stones and
extravagant jewellery in their possession, their lives were driven more
by intellectual pursuits than by the mere trappings of office?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">But when we look closely, the attendants aren't even watching the game,
are they? Well, one is at least, the chap on the left, and perhaps
another; the rest of them appear to have their eyes (and thoughts?)
diverted from the issue presently before the crown. Is there an
inference here about a lack of trust or treacherous shenanigans afoot? I
have no idea. What say you Wikipedia?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">"<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_V,_Duke_of_Bavaria">Albert</a>
was educated at Ingolstadt under good Catholic teachers. In 1547 he
married Anna von Habsburg, a daughter of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary (1503–1547), daughter of King Ladislaus
II of Bohemia and Hungary and his wife Anne de Foix, the union was
designed to end the political rivalry between Austria and Bavaria.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Albert was now free to devote himself to the task of establishing
Catholic conformity in his dominions. A strict Catholic by upbringing,
Albert was a leader of the German Counter-Reformation. Incapable by
nature of passionate adherence to any religious principle, and given
rather to a life of idleness and pleasure, he pursued the work of
repression because he was convinced that the cause of Catholicism was
inseparably connected with the fortunes of the house of Wittelsbach. He
took little direct share in the affairs of government, nevertheless, and
easily lent himself to the plans of his advisers, among whom during the
early part of his reign were two sincere Catholics, Georg Stockhammer
and Wiguleus Hundt. The latter took an important part in the events
leading up to the treaty of Passau (1552) and the peace of Augsburg
(1555)."</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">As tempting as it may be to finesse these 'facts' to account for the
chess game scene, I'll resist. It was just as likely an editorial choice
on the part of the artist, Hans Mielich, who simply cranked out a
dutifully solemn scene on a whim, without any specific subtext in mind. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">The paper and parchment manuscript displays more than one hundred
gouache sketches of seventy pieces of jewellery, the vast majority
belonging to Duchess Anna and the remainder to the Duke. Mielich spent
at least two years preparing the sketches and the work was completed in
1555.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">To be honest, my attention was primarily drawn - at first - not to the
jewellery itself, but to the borders and frame decorations. It's
essentially a parade of Renaissance and classical motifs featuring
strapwork, grotesques, caryatids, arabesques, cartouches, foliage and
the occasional animal and trophy. Bearing in mind that the above
selection is just a sampling, the manuscript as a whole offers a
dizzying array of these decorative forms. The jewels themselves are
exquisitely detailed. It may have taken me a while to warm up to it, but
this really is a gorgeous manuscript.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://mdzx.bib-bvb.de/codicon/Band_bsb00006598.html"><br />
</a></span> <br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/4104/"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-style: italic;">'Kleinodienbuch der Herzogin Anna von Bayern</span> - BSB Cod.icon. 429' is best accessed (as at 2014) from the World Digital Library [via Bavarian State Library]</span></a></span></li>
</ul>
<div class="post-body entry-content">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"></span><br /></div>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-52743346762205954882017-05-11T16:17:00.001-07:002017-05-11T16:19:08.282-07:00Theatre of Cruelty, 16th C<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h3 class="post-title entry-title">
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<img alt="Horribilia scelera ab Hugenotis in Gallijs perpetrata j" height="295" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2728/4102965452_65839bbfa3.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="400" /><br />
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<img alt="Horrenda inhumanitatis genera à Geusijs Belgicis peracta b" height="370" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2550/4102729912_4c9c8386ef.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Horribilia scelera ab Hugenotis in Gallijs perpetrata i" height="372" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2782/4102207361_608547cf9a.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Horribilia scelera ab Hugenotis in Gallijs perpetrata d" height="374" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2500/4102962336_17f4132ea7.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Schismaticorum in Anglia crudelitas b" height="371" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2654/4102961352_652e336eeb.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Schismaticorum in Anglia crudelitas a" height="379" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2527/4102203395_15dc359591.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Schismaticorum in Anglia crudelitas" height="383" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2802/4102960500_5060e3c59e.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Horribilia scelera ab Hugenotis in Gallijs perpetrata f" height="377" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2682/4102205921_6741ed7e58.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Beheading execution of Mary Queen of Scots" height="372" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2795/4102971154_8353b910c0.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Persecutiones adversus Catholicos à Protestantibus Caluinistis excitae in Anglia c" height="380" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2613/4102210333_17bc653ec9.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Persecutiones adversus Catholicos à Protestantibus Caluinistis excitae in Anglia f" height="372" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2527/4102212949_e74332ec23.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Persecutiones adversus Catholicos à Protestantibus Caluinistis excitae in Anglia e" height="375" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2615/4102968898_c08a7bbf95.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Persecutiones adversus Catholicos à Protestantibus Caluinistis excitae in Anglia d" height="380" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2776/4102968422_41d631f273.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Horrenda inhumanitatis genera à Geusijs Belgicis peracta a" height="378" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2599/4101973167_28e39018e8.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="500" /><br />
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<img alt="Theatrvm Crudelitatum Hæreticorum Nostri Temporis" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2554/4102992856_d947a9dc7f.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="389" /><br />
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<img alt="Theatrvm Crudelitatum Hæreticorum Nostri Temporis a" height="500" src="https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2666/4102233581_6ec360d2c8.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="389" /><br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Richard Verstegan (aka Richard Rowlands) <small>(?1548-?1636)</small>
was a Catholic Anglo-Dutch antiquarian, goldsmith and book publisher.
The first half of his life was spent in England, but his religion
prevented him from obtaining a degree from Oxford University, where he
is thought to have studied English history and the Anglo-Saxon language.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Either
following from the prejudice he suffered at Oxford or as a response to
the incarceration and treatment of Mary Queen of Scots<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_Scotland">*</a> (her 1587 beheading is seen above), Verstegan published the first edition of his <span style="font-style: italic;">martyrologium</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'Theatrum Crudelitatum'</span>, in 1583. The book may also have been conceived as a Catholic version of the famous Protestant<span style="font-style: italic;"> 'Book of Martyrs'</span> [published in 1563 as <span style="font-style: italic;">'Actes and Monuments'</span>] by John Foxe.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Verstegan's
book attempted to record, in gruesome detail, the cruelty, torture and
murder of Catholic martyrs in Europe - including English victims under
the reigns of Mary I and Elizabeth I<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England">*</a>
- at the hands of Protestant heretics. Upon publication, the author was
arrested and imprisoned for libel against the Crown and all books were
confiscated and destroyed (a single page has been saved). Through the
intervention of friends in the clerical hierarchy, Verstegan was able to
secure his release and he fled the country, ultimately settling in
Antwerp.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Verstegan became a very prolific and influential author
and publisher in his adopted city. One of his early works was the
expanded and definitive version of<span style="font-style: italic;"> 'Theatrum Crudelitatum'</span>
which was published in Latin in 1587. At least some of the engravings
were produced by the author (artistic training having been acquired
through his goldsmith apprenticeship). It proved to be a popular book
and translated editions were released soon after for the various
European markets.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Although his publishing house concentrated on
the production of Catholic devotional literature, Verstegan himself was
known to have worked as an intelligence agent for Roman, English and
Jesuit Catholics and he penned political and satirical articles for a
newspaper (making him one of the earliest known journalists), all the
while operating as a book and people smuggler during the Reformation<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant_Reformation">*</a>.
A question mark apparently remains over a lot of works, in terms of
attribution, both because Verstegan's publishing output often lacked
identification marks and also because his son, with the same name,
became increasingly involved in the firm's productions.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The chapter titles from the book <span style="font-size: 85%;">(seen as title tags on mouseover of the unordered images above)</span> that are included at the top of each illustrated page <span style="font-size: 85%;">[the last three images above show the layout for all illustrated pages]</span> are:</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">-- <span style="font-style: italic;">Persecutiones adversus Catholicos à Protestantibus Caluinistis excitae in Anglia</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">-- <span style="font-style: italic;">Horribilia scelera ab Hugenotis in Gallijs perpetrata</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">-- <span style="font-style: italic;">Horrenda inhumanitatis genera à Geusijs Belgicis peracta</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">-- <span style="font-style: italic;">Schismaticorum in Anglia crudelitas</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<ul><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://diglib.hab.de/wdb.php?dir=drucke/tq-1300a&distype=thumbs"><span style="font-size: 130%;"><span style="font-style: italic;">'Theatrum Crudelitatum Haereticorum Nostri Temporis'</span> {The theatre of cruelty of the heretics of our time} by Richard Verstegan, 1587, is hosted online by HAB Wolfenbüttel</span></a>. </span></li>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Richard Verstegan: <a href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15377a.htm">New Advent</a> / <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Rowlands">Wikipedia</a>. There are more citations around, but they tend to be fairly specialised academic articles and the like.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-19351685443990655552017-05-05T08:18:00.002-07:002017-05-05T08:18:18.439-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h3 class="post-title entry-title" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Early Herb & Gardening Books
</span><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span></h3>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="" border="0" height="300" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/320/GardnerPlanting1.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="400" /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Thomas Hill <span style="font-style: italic;">The Gardner's Labyrinth</span> 1608</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="" border="0" height="352" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/320/Flying%20Tortoise11.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="400" /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Lusitano Amato <span style="font-style: italic;">Dioscorides Anzarebei De medica materia</span> 1558</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">You're
absolutely correct - not all these images really match the title. These
are just the ones that caught my eye from a large collection available
at an old Arizona State University website.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="" border="0" height="296" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/320/CatMouse1.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="400" /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Durante Castore <span style="font-style: italic;">Herbario nuovo</span> 1617</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="" border="0" height="253" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/320/Dragon11.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="400" /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Hernando Francisco <span style="font-style: italic;">Rerum medicarum Novæ Hispaniæ thesaurus 1651</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span></span> </div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><img alt="" border="0" height="345" src="https://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/1717/1584/320/Unicorn11.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="400" /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Pierre Pomet <span style="font-style: italic;">Histoire generale des drogues </span>1712</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Doris
and Marc Patten donated their extensive set of herbal and gardening
books to Hayden Library at ASU and a large number of example images from
the collection have been digitized.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">This is an excellent set of illustrations. <u>Excellent</u>.
There is even an outline of the publishing history and short review of
each author and their work. This may be a few years old and I'm sure
I've seen some of the images previously but this one is worth
recirculating periodically, even if it is known around the traps.</span></div>
<ul><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.asu.edu/lib/speccoll/patten/html/imgsubj.html">Thumb page</a></span> </li>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.asu.edu/lib/speccoll/patten/html/authors.html">Author page</a></span></li>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span>
<li><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.asu.edu/lib/speccoll/patten/html/titles.html">Title page</a></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-11735967790001172232017-05-04T16:28:00.000-07:002017-05-04T16:31:38.571-07:00Swiss Fruit, 19th C<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="color: purple; font-size: medium;">An 1860s pomological manuscript documents</span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="color: purple; font-size: medium;">the varieties of pears (birensorte) and </span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b><span style="color: purple; font-size: medium;">apples (apfelsorte) unique to Switzerland</span></b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
Pomology is a branch of botany relating to the study and cultivation of fruit [<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomology">W</a>].
I don't believe a post devoted to fruit drawings has ever appeared on facsimilium. It's not for want of material; it's more about the general
mediocrity of the genre. Pomological collections tend to be the poor
orphan of the botanical world in terms of illustrative qualities. I've
saved a lot of samples over the years, but could never quite generate
enough enthusiasm to pull the trigger. Until today: this naturalistic
and unpretentious set caught my eye. I like it. <span style="font-size: xx-small;">[Yes, yes: it's all *in my opinion*. Being emperor and guardian of this site has its privileges.]</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Birnensorte Winter-Dechantsbirne (Doyenné d'hiver)" height="237" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3924/14737829171_8a58058802_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="320" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Birnensorte Winter-Dechantsbirne (Doyenné d'hiver)</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Birnensorte Wasserbirne" height="301" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2930/14554361609_23cb0b597a_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="400" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Birnensorte Wasserbirne</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Birnensorte Sommer-Apothekerbirne (Bon-Chrétien d'été, Römerbirne)" height="381" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3922/14740711622_9d6259da88_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Birnensorte Sommer-Apothekerbirne (Bon-Chrétien d'été, Römerbirne)</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Birnensorte St. Germain (Hermannsbirne)" height="687" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2915/14740711532_a29e1e3682_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Birnensorte St. Germain (Hermannsbirne</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Birnensorte Sülibirne" height="380" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2925/14554544287_68300e9eb5_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Birnensorte Sülibirne</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Birnensorte Regentin (Passe Colmar, Beurré d'Argenson)" height="384" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2898/14554337020_60211117e8_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Birnensorte Regentin (Passe Colmar, Beurré d'Argenson)</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Birnensorte Graue Herbst-Butterbirne (Beurré gris)" height="380" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2915/14741001945_c9e5f27af6_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Birnensorte Graue Herbst-Butterbirne (Beurré gris)</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Birnensorte Schweizer Bratbirne" height="381" src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5559/14741001255_3597804cdf_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Birnensorte Schweizer Bratbirne</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Apfelsorte Schafnase (Naht-Apfel, Baarapfel von Wädensweil)" height="382" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2933/14740712792_7b2d4f2532_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Apfelsorte Schafnase (Naht-Apfel, Baarapfel von Wädensweil)</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Birnensorte Clairgeau's Butterbirne (Beurré Clairgeau, Poire Clairgeau)" height="384" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3845/14740712482_d1799b56c1_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Birnensorte Clairgeau's Butterbirne (Beurré Clairgeau, Poire Clairgeau)</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Birnensorte Längler (Poire d'Etranguillon)" height="871" src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5583/14554362659_627646b24d_b.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Birnensorte Längler (Poire d'Etranguillon)</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Apfelsorte Weisser Winter Calvill (Calville blanc d'hiver, Calville blanche à côtes" height="381" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2899/14554350738_8e4c149056_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Apfelsorte Weisser Winter Calvill (Calville blanc d'hiver, Calville blanche à côtes</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Apfelsorte Waldhöfler Holzapfel" height="382" src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5572/14737830791_9d94850246_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Apfelsorte Waldhöfler Holzapfel</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Apfelsorte Schafnase (Naht-Apfel, Baarapfel von Wädensweil)" height="382" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2933/14740712792_7b2d4f2532_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Apfelsorte Schafnase (Naht-Apfel, Baarapfel von Wädensweil</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Apfelsorte Gaesdonker Reinette" height="380" src="https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2932/14737831061_16fb2a69a2_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Apfelsorte Gaesdonker Reinette</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Apfelsorte Pariser Rambour Reinette (Reinette de Paris)" height="383" src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5560/14554338230_bc76d29dda_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Apfelsorte Pariser Rambour Reinette (Reinette de Paris)</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Apfelsorte Luikenapfel" height="384" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3900/14718001996_c8c7a21c4a_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Apfelsorte Luikenapfel</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Apfelsorte Hornussecher" height="380" src="https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3862/14718002196_5f1668062e_z.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Apfelsorte Hornussecher</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
In mid-19th century Switzerland, the wider agricultural community -
farmers and rural agricultural associations - recognised that fruit
production was both an important local occupation and also a significant
contributor to the national economy. Fruit-growing stakeholders wanted
to safeguard the industry, and had been agitating for a long time in
support of creating a scientific guide and visual record of all the
fruit varieties in the country. The Swiss Agricultural Society
commissioned an extensive and detailed review of the apple and pear
varieties, grown in Switzerland, through a St Gallen publishing house.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br /><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
A committee of gardeners, civil servants and the like was formed to
direct the project in consultation with Swiss growers and provincial
agricultural societies. They chose the varieties of fruit to include and
advised how specimens could be collected. The illustrator (Salomon
Bühlmeier) was tasked with sketching specific views of the fruits and
the branch twigs on which they grew. The committee also guided the
nature of the text that accompanied each of the illustrations when it
was published: systematic and common names, geographical distribution,
general fruit, flower and tree descriptions, details about growing
seasons and harvesting, characteristics of the fruit varieties and how
they could be prepared and used in the kitchen. The enterprise was
supported by some unnamed pomologists and farming types, including, in
particular, one <i>Herr Pfau-Schellenberg</i>.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br /><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
Salomon Bühlmeier <span style="font-size: xx-small;">(1814-1876)</span>
was an academy trained artist who specialised in painting and etching
and taught drawing in St Gallen when the pomological project came up.
Between 1863 and 1872, Bühlmeier travelled the country contacting
farmers and regional agricultural societies, and he produced an
exhaustive study of Swiss apples and pears. His watercolour and pencil
fruit and twig sketches were drawn life-size, and were turned into
lithographs for publication in serial format. I believe the intention
was for twice yearly instalments, each featuring five apples and five
pears and the final books (a volume for each fruit) contained up to 200
fruit varieties in total <span style="font-size: xx-small;">(presumably)</span>. </span><br /><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br /><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
About 190 of Bühlmeier's actual sketches were donated to the Swiss
Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. These charming artworks were
digitised and uploaded only last year. So we are seeing the original
drawings above and <i>not</i> the lithographic plates from the final publication (which was called, incidentally, <i>'Swiss Fruits'</i> <span style="font-size: xx-small;">(1872)</span>, edited by the Swiss Agricultural Society). I saw commentary suggesting that <i>'Swiss Fruits'</i> was the first ever lithographic publication devoted to fruit species.</span><br /><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<br />
<br />
</span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://www.e-manuscripta.ch/nav/content/781244?max=100" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">Original
pear and apple fruit sketches by Salomon Bühlmeier are owned by
ETH-Bibliothek Zurich (the largest public sci-tech library in
Switzerland) and hosted online via e-manuscripta.ch</span></b></a>. [the link goes to 191 original sketches by Bühlmeier in thumbnail format] {<a href="http://e-manuscripta.ch/">e-manuscripta.ch</a> homepage - "the digital platform for manuscript material from Swiss libraries and archives"}.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://blogs.ethz.ch/digital-collections/2013/11/08/schweizerische-obstsorten-eine-erhebung-von-1872-mit-wissenschaftlichen-zeichnungen-von-salomon-buhlmeier/" target="_blank">VIA the always interesting ETH-Bibliothek blog</a> [<a href="http://goo.gl/tjwPAk">Trans.</a>]
(they link up both the Swiss libraries network catalogue entry plus a
direct pdf download of a - what appears to be - photocopy quality of the
final book text (I only saw the foreword) - through a German
pomological book portal (<a href="http://pomologie.ub.tu-berlin.de/index.html" target="_blank">link</a>).</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-7745080114895467792017-02-11T14:37:00.002-08:002017-02-11T14:37:53.906-08:00Garland of Ragas, 13th C AH 19th CE<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h3 class="post-title entry-title">
<br />
</h3>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">"This is an album (<i><a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjSp9rXjYnSAhWhC8AKHUOqBcQQFggfMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMuraqqa&usg=AFQjCNEMceYfeJ5pp1pD7F4LvMM4uZRD7Q&sig2=Yk680HOYyJz0dlzJV9kwbQ" target="_blank">muraqqa</a>ʿ</i>) compiled in the late 13th century AH
/ 19th CE, or possibly later. It contains nineteen Deccani paintings
and four pages of shikastah calligraphy, one of which is dated 1211 AH /
1796 CE (f. The paintings, which date to the late 12th century AH /
18th CE or 13th century AH / 19th CE, come from a ragmala series
attributable to the Deccan. <b>A ragmala is a visualization of a musical
mode or melody</b>. This album contains a mix of visualizations of ragas
(male musical modes) and raginis (female musical modes considered to be
the wives of the male musical modes)." [Source: <a href="http://www.thedigitalwalters.org/Data/WaltersManuscripts/html/W669/" title="intro page to full album of miniatures and calligraphy">Walters Art Museum W. 669</a>]</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span><blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
"Ragamala paintings are pages from a garland (mala) of visual melodies
(ragas). Each page visualises a particular mode (five or more musical
tones), and is frequently accompanied by a brief inscription or poem
that suggests the time of day, season and even mood of the raga.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span><blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
The transformation of expression from music, through poetry to painting
was a gradual one, most likely stimulated by the invention of paper.
Medieval musicians would associate each raga or mode with a deity and
name it, perhaps as a means of memorising a melody. Intrigued poets of
the late medieval period then personified these ragas and elaborated
their tales in vivid verbal imagery. These stories along with other
influential musical texts provided the poetic source for ragamala
painting." [source: <a href="http://dulwichonview.org.uk/2012/01/20/what-is-ragamala/">What is Ragamala</a>?]</span></blockquote>
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-FNveBRXJt3s/UuOcY0YlGHI/AAAAAAAAJPI/Mv8NbdOOVZA/s1600/Deccani+Miniature+Ragamala+Album+%28W.+669+-+The+Digital+Walters%29+18th-19th+centuries+b.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Indian manuscript miniature - music visualisation" border="0" height="735" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-FNveBRXJt3s/UuOcY0YlGHI/AAAAAAAAJPI/Mv8NbdOOVZA/s1600/Deccani+Miniature+Ragamala+Album+(W.+669+-+The+Digital+Walters)+18th-19th+centuries+b.jpg" title="Deccani Miniature Ragamala Album (W. 669 - The Digital Walters) 18th-19th centuries" width="518" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Sri Raga</b></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SsWNI29m9D8/UuOclgw75DI/AAAAAAAAJPk/D-wlxRCYDZY/s1600/Deccani+Miniature+Ragamala+Album+%28W.+669+-+The+Digital+Walters%29+18th-19th+centuries+e.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Indian manuscript miniature - music visualisation" border="0" height="735" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SsWNI29m9D8/UuOclgw75DI/AAAAAAAAJPk/D-wlxRCYDZY/s1600/Deccani+Miniature+Ragamala+Album+(W.+669+-+The+Digital+Walters)+18th-19th+centuries+e.jpg" title="Deccani Miniature Ragamala Album (W. 669 - The Digital Walters) 18th-19th centuries" width="518" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Todi ragini</b></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7WJxBllEt3M/UuOcm0_-uHI/AAAAAAAAJPs/zV7gKcPGj6s/s1600/Deccani+Miniature+Ragamala+Album+%28W.+669+-+The+Digital+Walters%29+18th-19th+centuries+f.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Indian manuscript miniature - music visualisation" border="0" height="734" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7WJxBllEt3M/UuOcm0_-uHI/AAAAAAAAJPs/zV7gKcPGj6s/s1600/Deccani+Miniature+Ragamala+Album+(W.+669+-+The+Digital+Walters)+18th-19th+centuries+f.jpg" title="Deccani Miniature Ragamala Album (W. 669 - The Digital Walters) 18th-19th centuries" width="518" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Asavari ragini</b></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-JT1X4LyoJxA/UuOcoCNdOdI/AAAAAAAAJP0/Dlkk8p0dZ-4/s1600/Deccani+Miniature+Ragamala+Album+%28W.+669+-+The+Digital+Walters%29+18th-19th+centuries+g.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Indian manuscript miniature - music visualisation" border="0" height="731" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-JT1X4LyoJxA/UuOcoCNdOdI/AAAAAAAAJP0/Dlkk8p0dZ-4/s1600/Deccani+Miniature+Ragamala+Album+(W.+669+-+The+Digital+Walters)+18th-19th+centuries+g.jpg" title="Deccani Miniature Ragamala Album (W. 669 - The Digital Walters) 18th-19th centuries" width="518" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Female performing a ritual at night with a full moon</b></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FzjFYRZAna8/UuOccwVoNBI/AAAAAAAAJPc/fNLNVK1qiZU/s1600/Deccani+Miniature+Ragamala+Album+%28W.+669+-+The+Digital+Walters%29+18th-19th+centuries+d.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="west Indian manuscript miniature - a music visualisation with Persian calligraphy from Rajisthan" border="0" height="734" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FzjFYRZAna8/UuOccwVoNBI/AAAAAAAAJPc/fNLNVK1qiZU/s1600/Deccani+Miniature+Ragamala+Album+(W.+669+-+The+Digital+Walters)+18th-19th+centuries+d.jpg" title="Deccani Miniature Ragamala Album (W. 669 - The Digital Walters) 18th-19th centuries" width="518" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Shikastah<a href="http://www.blackwellreference.com/public/tocnode?id=g9780631214816_chunk_g978063121481621_ss1-26" target="_blank">^</a> calligraphy</b></div>
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<b>Khambhavati ragini</b></div>
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<b>Megha raga</b></div>
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<b>Khambhavati ragini</b></div>
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<b>Malavakausa raga </b></div>
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<b>(Malakausika, Malakausa, Malkos raga)</b></div>
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facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-11050639790841214782016-11-28T14:28:00.002-08:002016-11-28T14:28:50.371-08:00Cantigas de Santa Maria, 13th C<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 12.0pt; margin-right: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;">Alfonso X, <i>El Sabio</i> was
King of Castile and Leon in the second half of the thirteenth century. The
moniker arises from his progressive attitude towards education, law and
particularly to the fostering of scientific knowledge. He established a
translation school at Toledo which helped circulate knowledge from the Arab
world about the Ptolemeic cosmogony and the philosophy of the ancients</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 12.0pt; margin-right: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><br />
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;">His greatest direct legacy
comes from the commissioning (and part authorship) of the 425 poems with
accompanying musical script that constitutes the largest body of solo
(monophonic) songs from medieval times. Written in the Castilian lyrical
language of Galacian-Portuguese the hymns, which include some chanting, are
extremely diverse in metrical composition and all of them either mention or
directly praise the Virgin Mary.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;">Today the work is spread
between four codex that were written and illuminated in the 14th and 15th
centuries. Information about this great body of work is spread haphazardly
around the internet and reflects a dearth of scholarship about the three areas
of its excellence, art, music and literature, despite being popular with
medievalist musicians and </span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://www.medieval.org/emfaq/composers/cantigas.html"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">many recordings having been made</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;">. In fact, it was </span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/po/news/2004-05/sep/01.shtml"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">recently reported</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"> that </span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://csm.mml.ox.ac.uk/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Oxford University have established a centre devoted to studying the <i>Cantigas</i></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;">.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;">All but one of the images here
come from a Japanese website which appears to have the largest number of
illustrations (from the E codex).</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><br />
<br />
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;">If you have even a passing
interest in <i>world</i> +/- medieval music, I would recommend listening to
some samples. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/B0000206A9/104-0729171-9592718"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">This amazon page has a
few examples with a Moroccan orchestra</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;">, though I don't suppose that is the main reason
one senses influence from the Arab world. All of the tunes (and all the lyrics)
are </span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://brassy.club.fr/PartMed/Cantigas/CSMIDI.html"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">available in midi format from this
French website</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"> - but the samples sound like they were made with an electronic synthesizer.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"></span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://www.3to4.com/Cantigas/e_index.html"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The best site to see the
illuminations</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;">, despite there not being high resolution images available.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://www.pbm.com/%7Elindahl/cantigas/images/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Further illuminations</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"> (and copies) in </span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://www.pbm.com/%7Elindahl/cantigas/images/all_color.html"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">colour</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"> and black and white with
higher resolution format (although I don't think they are better) and </span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://www.pbm.com/%7Elindahl/cantigas/"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">their homepage</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;">.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://marcel.arnoux.free.fr/LES%20CANTIGAS%20DE%20SANTA%20MARIA.html"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">This other French
site has quite a few low quality images</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"> but they have what I presume is a scan of
an actual manuscript page.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/mtdavis/222/Cantiagas.html"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">A couple of images
from another codex.</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://faculty.washington.edu/petersen/alfonso/alfonsox.htm"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">English translation
of some verses - Washington University.</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"><a href="http://minstrel.starstonedesign.com/archives/articles/000081.html"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">A fine general
review of the <i>Cantigas </i>from the Minstrels' Guild of Drachenwald</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;">.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;">Wikipedia: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantigas_de_Santa_Maria"><i><span style="color: blue;">Cantigas de Santa Maria</span></i></a> & <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_X_of_Castile"><span style="color: blue;">Alfonso X.</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ES;"></span></li>
</ul>
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facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-56519357839433788312016-09-06T14:25:00.001-07:002016-09-06T14:27:17.723-07:00Military ABC Book, 19th C <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h3 class="post-title entry-title">
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #4c1130; font-size: medium;"><i><b>'Armée Française : Nouvel Alphabet Militaire'</b></i></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #4c1130; font-size: medium;">Text by Pierre Léon Vanier</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="color: #4c1130; font-size: medium;">Illustrations by Henri de Sta</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
This 1880s book - obviously aimed at young people - offers satirical
portrayals of various branches and uniforms of the French military and
each chromolithograph is accompanied by a page of descriptive text.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></div>
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<img alt="Letter 'A'" height="400" src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/1/412/18903094239_50c65ff1fe_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="310" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>A is for Artillery</b></span></div>
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<img alt="Letter 'B'" height="400" src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/1/418/19089260695_e503998323_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="310" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>B is for Brigadier</b></span></div>
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<img alt="Letter 'C'" height="400" src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/1/367/19063022576_7d6254cfb5_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="308" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>C is for Cuirassier</b></span></div>
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<img alt="Letter 'D'" height="400" src="https://c2.staticflickr.com/4/3943/18466707564_36b03920f9_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="306" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>D is for Dragoon</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
<i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">-...</span>let the images grow at this time as the scroll passed my links on right<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> han<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">d side :)</span></span></i><br />
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<img alt="Letter 'G'" height="676" src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/1/323/18901567388_eb44c77958_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>G is for Gendarme</b></span></div>
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<img alt="Letter 'J'" height="675" src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/1/315/19063007116_c17bafc555_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>J is for Justice and Order</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
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<a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/bibliodyssey/18466692304" title="Letter 'K' (courtesy BnF)"><img alt="Letter 'K'" height="673" src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/1/273/18466692304_66b0e80f33_c.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></a></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>K is for Képi</b></span></div>
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<img alt="Letter 'O' (courtesy BnF)" height="675" src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/1/318/18901551038_4a12f30c3e_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>O is for Officer</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
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<img alt="Letter 'Q' (courtesy BnF)" height="675" src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/1/451/18466681894_faf17e6cac_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Q is for Quartier Maitre (A marine)</b></span></div>
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<img alt="Letter 'R'" height="676" src="https://c2.staticflickr.com/4/3690/18468519043_534d3b3658_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>R is for Reservist</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
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<img alt="Letter 'V'" height="678" src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/1/309/19062980836_4e18ea19ce_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>V is for Vaguemestre (Military Postmaster)</b></span></div>
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<img alt="Letter 'X'" height="678" src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/1/310/19083548682_644d2207a0_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>X is for X. Polytechnicien </b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>[graduate of École polytechnique (aka: X), a higher ed facility near Paris]</b></span></div>
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<img alt="Letter 'Y'" height="680" src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/1/508/18466660954_1f1ee5132a_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Y is for <span style="font-size: xx-small;">(?)</span> Commander of supply lines (road or rail trains)</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
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<img alt="Letter 'Z'" height="678" src="https://c2.staticflickr.com/4/3919/19092457951_6ebbb254f5_c.jpg" style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center;" width="518" /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Z is for Zouave</b></span></div>
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<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">French illustrator <b><u>Henri de Sta</u></b> was born in Versailles as <u>Arsène Henri Saint-Alary</u>.
He began his career around 1882 with La Vie Artistique and the
publishing house of Léon Vanier. Coming from a family of militaries,
garrison life became a regular theme in his career. De Sta worked as a
humorous illustrator for Le Chat Noir since 1892. He was also present in
Le Paris Bouffon (1885), Le Rire (1897) and Le Charivari (1900). He
composed military alphabets, illustrated songs and produced comics for
La Chronique Amusante from 1896, and for Les Contes Moraux et
Merveilleux of the printing firm Pellerin d'Epinal."</span></blockquote>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
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<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;"><a href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8426912s/f11.planchecontact" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>'Armée Française : Nouvel Alphabet Militaire' </i>1883 is available among les Abécédaires de Gallica</span></a>.</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_de_Sta" target="_blank">Henri de Sta Wikipedia</a> </span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;"><a href="http://nouvellesuzette.canalblog.com/archives/2007/11/17/19452948.html" target="_blank">H de Sta at nouvellesuzette</a> </span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;"><a href="http://tybalt.pagesperso-orange.fr/LesGendelettres/biographies/VanierL.htm" target="_blank">Vanier, Léon</a> (bio) (F)</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;"><a href="http://livresanciens-tarascon.blogspot.com/2014/12/nouvel-alphabet-militaire-par-leon.html" target="_blank">Nouvel alphabet militaire par Léon Vanier et H. De Sta. Remarquable!</a> (F)</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small;">via <a href="http://takamtikou.bnf.fr/dossiers/dossier-2014-la-m-diation-du-livre-pour-la-jeunesse/les-ab-c-daires-illustr-s-du-19e-si-cle" target="_blank">Marine Planche</a> (F)</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-44558283294118685582016-06-22T15:15:00.000-07:002016-06-22T15:16:54.587-07:00The Telleriano-Remensis codex, 17th C<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiOjtWc07zNAhXL2BoKHfo9AbYQFggnMAE&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCodex_Telleriano-Remensis&usg=AFQjCNG4WPhgaQGyaCAk3SaywJ9Is_XSXw&sig2=d8As-9s2_fplFyFbHSbgaA" target="_blank">Codex Telleriano-Remensis</a>, produced in sixteenth century Mexico and printed on European paper, is one of the finest surviving examples of Aztec manuscript painting. Its Latinized name comes from <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjO7Lap07zNAhWTSxoKHaieCccQFggrMAE&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCharles_Maurice_Le_Tellier&usg=AFQjCNHY0JiLQrbku53bTjJpBWatkDZJxQ&sig2=K9sQtZ3-d49MYKv1_zrqnw" target="_blank">Charles-Maurice Le Tellier</a>, archbishop of Reims, who had possession of the manuscript in the late 17th century. </span></span></div>
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<img alt="" class="irc_mi iUDnwQcksDhE-pQOPx8XEepE" height="207" src="https://tcmam.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/page_06r1.jpg" style="margin-top: 24px;" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Codex Telleriano-Remensis is divided into three sections. The first section, spanning the first seven pages, describes the 365-day solar calendar, called the <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiUiLy007zNAhUFExoKHVvnBakQFghFMAk&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atril.org%2Fcalendario%2Ftag%2Fxiuhpohualli&usg=AFQjCNGsgPyQiWzIxK_bsXAr-Roz3j6FFA&sig2=eR32tr8U85kzPI_ktYfY2Q" target="_blank">xiuhpohualli</a>. <i><span style="color: magenta;">(link provided to the aztec calendar, well explained BUT in spanish)</span></i></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span><img alt="" class="irc_mi iS1eYTBZUAY0-pQOPx8XEepE" src="http://www.mexicolore.co.uk/images-3/350_01_2.jpg" height="343" style="margin-top: 28px;" width="400" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The second section, spanning pages 8 to 24, is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonalpohualli" target="_blank">tonalamatl</a>, ("the art of counting days") describing the 260-day <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiBmpCS1LzNAhWJChoKHVV5CeMQFgghMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.azteccalendar.com%2Fazteccalendar.html&usg=AFQjCNGkc_yLwI-GqijBsaRspGI30NLjtw&sig2=uMumkC2LiPJooIYn7_rzzQ" target="_blank">tonalpohualli calendar</a>. </span></span></div>
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<img alt="" class="irc_mi iS1eYTBZUAY0-pQOPx8XEepE" src="http://www.mexicolore.co.uk/images-3/316_03_2.jpg" height="500" style="margin-top: 57px;" width="427" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The third section is a history, itself divided into two sections which differ stylistically. Pages 25 to 28 are an account of migrations during the 12th and 13th centuries, while the remaining pages of the codex record historical events, such as the ascensions and deaths of rulers, battles, earthquakes, and eclipses, from the 14th century to the 16th century, including events of early Colonial Mexico.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span><img alt="" class="irc_mi iTcCBQ9hiaI4-pQOPx8XEepE" src="http://www.mexicolore.co.uk/images-5/542_03_2.jpg" height="230" style="margin-top: 77px;" width="400" /></div>
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facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-1269247431312849152016-06-13T13:18:00.001-07:002016-06-13T13:21:11.141-07:00Aramco Handbook (20th C) Saudi Geological Maps<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This geographical map of Saudi Arabia, from the surprisingly informative <a href="https://www.amazon.com/ARAMCO-HANDBOOK-1960-Edition/dp/B001DCA8D8?ie=UTF8&*Version*=1&*entries*=0" target="_blank">Aramco Handbook</a>,<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span>could only have been done in the 1960s. The map colors owe more to the <a href="https://www.google.es/search?q=Sgt.+Peppers+cover&client=firefox-b&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwibusD85aXNAhUGbBoKHbE2BE0QsAQIHQ&biw=1760&bih=890" target="_blank">Sgt. Peppers cover or Glaser’s Dylan poster</a> than to the efforts of National Geographic or the ETH. And the Handbook’s geological maps are even better, see below<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> :)</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NZH8eMrYnrY/V18Q4-9S5wI/AAAAAAAAFW4/aw1y5LOfAsogrXLAlb8E0imxn3KZkVhUQCLcB/s1600/saudi_geography_lg-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-NZH8eMrYnrY/V18Q4-9S5wI/AAAAAAAAFW4/aw1y5LOfAsogrXLAlb8E0imxn3KZkVhUQCLcB/s400/saudi_geography_lg-1.jpg" width="300" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Arabian peninsula consists of two distinctly different geological regions. The western half of the peninsula (and extending into eastern Africa) is an ancient land mass or shield consisting of mostly igneous and metamorphic Precambrian rock. The eastern half of the peninsula is made up of mostly sedimentary limestone rock deposited in layers by expanding and receding ancient seas. These sedimentary layers were then gently folded by tectonic pressure from the east that resulted in the formation of the <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwju0YnP5qXNAhXECBoKHRLSBmsQFggkMAE&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FZagros_Mountains&usg=AFQjCNFIJrKRFEN4X_GDqTdKY9I-7HavxA&sig2=xuIM8mnIpyOU20RyD9ZwMA" target="_blank">Zagros Mountains</a> in Iran and Iraq.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-p0f2vkvfvsc/V18SRNDHOuI/AAAAAAAAFXE/a0hM52LsTEg9bdzZ2sU5KS1oFKHaDODVACLcB/s1600/saudi_geology_2_lg-3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-p0f2vkvfvsc/V18SRNDHOuI/AAAAAAAAFXE/a0hM52LsTEg9bdzZ2sU5KS1oFKHaDODVACLcB/s640/saudi_geology_2_lg-3.jpg" width="523" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The point of Saudi geology is, of course, oil. It is in these sedimentary folds (known by geologists as <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjgiZ-P56XNAhXI0hoKHcNiAnMQFggeMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAnticline&usg=AFQjCNEceetvEWD7Xs9QwWUw-r-SYhg65A&sig2=4KMYWG-6xLUFWEfe-Gom0Q" target="_blank">anticlines</a>) that virtually all Saudi oil reserves are located. <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=8&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwit4Jeb56XNAhVB0xoKHQAbB4AQFgg6MAc&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGhawar_Field&usg=AFQjCNFl2unU_YmKVdkxmTeQGjyitohwLw&sig2=DjNuKXDshkB2dKONokoJzg" target="_blank">Ghawar field</a> for example, rests on an anticline above a basement rock fault with an oil producing layer of late Jurassic Arab-D limestone about 280 feet thick and ~ 6,500 feet beneath the surface.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /><a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjuw_6w56XNAhVEXhoKHf-UAoQQFggmMAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcsegrecorder.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2Fwhat-you-know-about-the-ghawar-oil-field-saudi-arabia&usg=AFQjCNHttV8hhS7IdzFZFe5vHHiu3gEfOg&sig2=YkwM6-ZiFWUZBK9BLciGnQ" target="_blank">The Ghawar complex</a>, at 174 × 16 miles (1.3 million acres) in size, is by far the largest conventional oil field in the world. Since its discovery in 1948 it has yielded more than 60 billion bbls. Currently it is estimated to produce 5 million bbl/day,<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span>which accounts for around 60% of the total Saudi output or more than 6% of the worlds output.</span><br />
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<a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-djN_HGC7cig/V18TSsobmuI/AAAAAAAAFXY/Z8MV5qPgEcUL98SueipldUx4kXdUpQkfgCLcB/s1600/ghawar_lg-4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-djN_HGC7cig/V18TSsobmuI/AAAAAAAAFXY/Z8MV5qPgEcUL98SueipldUx4kXdUpQkfgCLcB/s640/ghawar_lg-4.jpg" width="466" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sour<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">ces for this post::</span> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1. <i>Aramco Handbook:</i> Oil and the Middle East. Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Arabian American Oil Company. 1968.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjUl_fX6KXNAhWEQBoKHcMECHcQFggeMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eia.gov%2Fpetroleum%2Fdata.cfm&usg=AFQjCNEByfYgX4d-Bx9SquTZHlQRwWpoYg&sig2=G3PLKJllxxzIgOH-w9qEoA" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">2. </span>Petroleum Navigator at the DOE</a> Energy Information Administration site.</span> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">N<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">otes<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> of interest, </span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><i>The actual output and reserves are unknown because Saudi Aramco, the nationalized oil company, does not release production data. It has, however, been suggested by outside sources that production at Ghawar peaked in 2005.</i><b> </b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>The five largest sources of oil for the US are: the US itself (5.1 million bbl/day, 34%), Canada (2.4 mbbl), Mexico (1.5 mbbl), Saudi Arabia (1.4 mbbl), Venezuela (1.3 mbbl), and Nigeria (1.1 mbbl).</b> So the Ghawar field alone accounts for around 4.6% of US oil requirements. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">For a complete list of US oil imports see the <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjUl_fX6KXNAhWEQBoKHcMECHcQFggeMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eia.gov%2Fpetroleum%2Fdata.cfm&usg=AFQjCNEByfYgX4d-Bx9SquTZHlQRwWpoYg&sig2=G3PLKJllxxzIgOH-w9qEoA" target="_blank">Petroleum Navigator at the DOE</a> Energy Information Administration site.</span></div>
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facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-1701978364073111832016-05-29T15:07:00.003-07:002016-05-29T15:09:41.970-07:00Le costume historique, 19th C<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<img alt="France — Brittany.
Auguste Racinet, from Le costume historique (The costume history) vol. 6, Paris, 1888.
(Source: archive.org)" src="http://41.media.tumblr.com/b374590483cadd62eba08649e5cc95bb/tumblr_n82is4hyLM1qac76ro1_500.jpg" height="341" width="400" /></div>
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Auguste Racinet, from <i>Le costume historique (The costume history)</i> vol. 6, Paris, 1888. </div>
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<a href="http://scrap.oldbookillustrations.com/post/90522347834/female-costume-normandy" rel="permalink" title="Permalink"><img alt="Permalink" class="permalink" src="http://www.oldbookillustrations.com/skin/old_book/scrapbook/blank.png" height="1" width="1" /></a>
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<img alt="Female costume of Normandy.
Auguste Racinet, from Le costume historique (The costume history) vol. 6, Paris, 1888.
(Source: archive.org)" src="http://41.media.tumblr.com/5b6209a122db53890c6cb55300c1378a/tumblr_n82fvrDnnn1qac76ro1_500.jpg" height="400" width="340" /></div>
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<i>Female costume of Normandy.</i><br />
Auguste Racinet, from <i>Le costume historique (The costume history)</i> vol. 6, Paris, 1888.</div>
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<img alt="France, 19th century — traditional costumes from Nivernais, Dauphiné, former county of Nice, Mâconnais, Bresse and Bourbonnais.
Auguste Racinet, from Le costume historique (The costume history) vol. 6, Paris, 1888.
(Source: archive.org)" src="http://41.media.tumblr.com/56f8532a32a4d155a60e11aa33d05372/tumblr_n80wyhR9zI1qac76ro1_500.jpg" height="343" width="400" /></div>
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France, 19th century — traditional costumes from Nivernais, Dauphiné, former county of Nice, Mâconnais, Bresse and Bourbonnais.</div>
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<a href="http://scrap.oldbookillustrations.com/post/90433885084/france-shawls" rel="permalink" title="Permalink"><img alt="Permalink" class="permalink" src="http://www.oldbookillustrations.com/skin/old_book/scrapbook/blank.png" height="1" width="1" /></a>
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<img alt="France, 18th-19th century — shawls.
Auguste Racinet, from Le costume historique (The costume history) vol. 6, Paris, 1888.
(Source: archive.org)" src="http://36.media.tumblr.com/19c7d1c057f3a146d080239cf5a9606c/tumblr_n80sn94jae1qac76ro1_500.jpg" /></div>
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<i>France, 18th-19th century — shawls.</i></div>
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<a href="http://scrap.oldbookillustrations.com/post/90431281184/france-headdress-bodice" rel="permalink" title="Permalink"><img alt="Permalink" class="permalink" src="http://www.oldbookillustrations.com/skin/old_book/scrapbook/blank.png" height="1" width="1" /></a></div>
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<img alt="France, 18th century — Headdress and bodice.
Auguste Racinet, from Le costume historique (The costume history) vol. 6, Paris, 1888.
(Source: archive.org)" src="http://41.media.tumblr.com/6bcbf607ab77522d6a6f2613fbd3c667/tumblr_n80qwm8eT71qac76ro1_500.jpg" /></div>
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<i>France, 18th century — Headdress and bodice. </i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Originally published in France between 1876 and 1888, <a href="https://archive.org/details/lecostumehistori01raci" target="_blank">Auguste Racinet's Le Costume Historique</a> was the most wide-ranging and intelligent study of
clothing ever published. Covering the world history of costume, dress,
and style from antiquity through the end of the 19th century, the great
work -- ""consolidated"" in 1888 into 6 volumes containing nearly 500
plates -- remains, to this day, completely unique in its scope and
detail. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Racinet's organization by culture and subject has been preserved
in <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwikwbPapYDNAhWJrRoKHWdXCS8QFggdMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taschen.com%2Fpages%2Fes%2Fcatalogue%2Ffashion%2Fall%2F44938%2Ffacts.racinet_complete_costume_history.htm&usg=AFQjCNE40qV6xjTKFVI_49Lxj1RELmjwVw&sig2=4bMmZFHYNCcDDpTkBjqYqQ" target="_blank">TASCHEN</a>'s magnificent and complete reprint, as have excerpts from
his delightful descriptions and often witty comments. Perusing these
beautifully detailed and exquisitely colored illustrations, you'll
discover everything from the garb of ancient Etruscans to traditional
Eskimo attire to 19th century French women's couture. Though Racinet's
study spans the globe from ancient times through his own, </span></div>
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facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-7918339546230171992016-05-11T15:29:00.002-07:002016-05-11T15:32:47.879-07:00Tabulae Anatomicae, Casserius 16th C.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_12_sm.jpg" height="640" width="427" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Here is a copperplate engraving from <i><a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjIkruHh9PMAhWCuBoKHRs6ATwQFgggMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpublicdomainreview.org%2Fcollections%2Fplates-from-spiegels-de-formato-foetu-liber-singularis-1626%2F&usg=AFQjCNGVs6xsDKjkQ608YcvMVeZaCRx-6A&sig2=fZQfk3sNKd15vFiCQstWXw" target="_blank">De formato foetu liber singularis</a>,</i> commissioned by the Paduan anatomist Casserius. It shows a classic renaissance Venus filleted lotus-like to reveal her child. The plate, as well as some 95 others, represent the high point of
Paudan/Venetian anatomical illustration and were published in three
separate titles after Casserius’ untimely death<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">.</span> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=9&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj1m-Sah9PMAhWBlxoKHZjYCakQFgg1MAg&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpubmed%2F23959927&usg=AFQjCNG4ayqTuf6HTSEF_2O-iMTCjp5Y2A&sig2=q3TEpBKgjLA-cXiQSdinug" target="_blank">Julius Casserius</a> (AKA Giulio Caeesrio, Giulius Casseri, or Casserii Placentini) was born <i>ca.</i>1556 or <i>ca.</i>1561 in <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiWsJrSh9PMAhXMAxoKHWa_BMQQFgggMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPiacenza&usg=AFQjCNGzglPna1mCKTFWPt87zjglzI6Rcg&sig2=YMlTjLW8sfQkpxpNDFSysw" target="_blank">Piancenza, Italy</a>.
Casserius’ father died when he was young and, being nearly destitute, he
entered the houshold of the noted Paduan Anatomist, <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjc2e3gh9PMAhUKahoKHfkICEkQFghLMAU&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjmb.sagepub.com%2Fcontent%2F19%2F2%2F69.full&usg=AFQjCNF6CcyvhnhTWBmenvl1k7xS2ELuhg&sig2=8VKjnB-azHtpQ_bSQrMehQ" target="_blank">Girolamo Fabrizi d’Acquapendente</a> (AKA Fabricus).
After showing extraordinary initiative, the master took it on himself to
teach Casserius anatomy. Casserius went from family servant to auditor
to surgical disciple.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Casserius enrolled in the Università Artista and studied under both Fabricus and Gerolamo Mercuriale (Mercurialis).
After his graduation, <i>ca.</i>1580, he acted as Fabricus’ preprator, university surgical examiner, as well as a physician and surgeon.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">But there would soon be trouble in Padua. In 1595
Casserius became a substitute for Fabricus and his lectures were a bit
too enthusiastically received for Fabricus’ taste.
The old master, enraged with jealousy, banned Casserius from giving
private lectures through an old statutory rule. According to the records
it
would be nearly eight years until Casserius lectured again.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">During this time Casserius began to publish his first works on anatomy: <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwir2eaBiNPMAhVFiRoKHZflA1wQFggfMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffaculty.sdmiramar.edu%2Fkpetti%2Fbio160%2FMartiniPwrPntLectPDF%2F23%2520-%2520Respiration.pdf&usg=AFQjCNH-fb7VlK1yY1O8b__jVKhy2RBNOA&sig2=0EqNzk1K9sr8XIgLYF_1PA" target="_blank"><i>De vocis auditusque organis Historia anatomica</i></a> was published in 1601
and <i>Pentaestheion</i> in 1609. After these books he began writing the text and compiling the drawings for a comprehensive atlas of anatomy.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Back to the rivalry: In 1613, after 50 years of
public lectureship, Fabricus was permitted to scale back his teaching,
and his replacement, against his wishes was, of course, Casserius.
In 1616 Casserius began his first and only public anatomy lecture.
Shortly after the three week course he caught a fever and died on 8 Mar
1613.
His master and nemesis, Fabricus, would survive him by three years.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">After Casserius’ death his commissioned plates, via his heirs, ended
up with <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjZy5CliNPMAhWMBBoKHfMhAcUQFggmMAE&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAdriaan_van_den_Spiegel&usg=AFQjCNG4iJyaxNg3g5dQatqxJuvsxroQqA&sig2=h12Gpcrl2Qn4HQRQmHz_kg" target="_blank">Adriaan van der Spieghel</a> (Spigelius), who had succeeded both
Casserius and Fabricus as professor of Anatomy and Surgery.
Spigelius intended to use the plates in his own anatomy atlas, but died
an untimely death in 1625.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Here is where all the bibliographic fun begins.
After Spigelius’ death, his son in law, <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiyoIW6iNPMAhXDmBoKHXQ-B1kQFggdMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.bnf.fr%2F13165775%2Fliberale_crema%2F&usg=AFQjCNG_2dZTfaVHfx0-UF-Dl9z0hDchZg&sig2=xAv08yqCOz7fTeNzq922Hg" target="_blank">Liberale Crema</a>, edited one of
his manuscripts and illustrated it with nine of Casserius’ plates. The
book, <i>De <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiM6PnHiNPMAhXEVhoKHcA3CxkQFgggMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpublicdomainreview.org%2Fcollections%2Fplates-from-spiegels-de-formato-foetu-liber-singularis-1626%2F&usg=AFQjCNGVs6xsDKjkQ608YcvMVeZaCRx-6A&sig2=rtFwMb16ohyoQZ_SK4ticw" target="_blank">formato foetu liber singularis</a>,</i> published in 1626,
was perhaps the first OB-Gyn classic.
A year later, Jan Rindfleisch (AKA Bucretius) edited Spigelus’ unfinished altas and illustrated it with Casserius’ plates.
In 1627 he also published 95 of the plates with his own annotations, as <i>Tabulae Anatomicae.</i> Some time later the <i>Tabulae</i> and <i>De formato foetu</i> were published as a single volume.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Here are some plates that appeared in both Spigelius’ <i>Fabrica</i> and Casserius’<i>Tabulae:</i></span></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for and insanely large image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_1_sm.jpg" /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_2_sm.jpg" /> </div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_3_sm.jpg" /> </div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_4_sm.jpg" /> </div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_5_sm.jpg" /> </div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_6_sm.jpg" /> </div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_7_sm.jpg" /> </div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_8_sm.jpg" /> </div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_9_sm.jpg" /></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Since Vesalius’ <i>de Fabrica</i>,
the Paduan anatomists relied on the artists of Venice and Casserius was
no exception.
His plates were drawn by the Venetian painter and print-maker <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiz7KTriNPMAhUGDxoKHT4YCH4QFggdMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOdoardo_Fialetti&usg=AFQjCNHKYLO_bgPXyeTw2xUKIkrftBmfUw&sig2=1Ec5oDQdLsngPL-6dctu9w" target="_blank">Odoardo Fialetti</a> (AKA Edoardus Fialettus), who studied under Tintoretto,
and the engravings were prepared by Francesco Valesio (Franciscus
Vallesius).</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">If Vesalius’ illustrations were the model for the woodblock then
Casserius’ illustrations were the model for copperplate.
It would be nearly 80 years before better anatomical illustrations were
published and Casserius’ work would be plagiarized well into the 18th
century.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Here are few more plates from <i>De formato foetu:</i></span></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_10_sm.jpg" /> </div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_11_sm.jpg" /> </div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Tabulae Anatomicae, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/anatomy/images/casserius/casserius_13_sm.jpg" /></div>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-83765241142814543532016-03-12T16:12:00.000-08:002016-03-12T16:13:33.234-08:00Venetie, 15th C.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Virtually nothing is known about the early life of <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjx97CGsLzLAhUoD5oKHbIDD7sQFggkMAE&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJacopo_de%27_Barbari&usg=AFQjCNFoV9JXHgL8E2fISHmn_esn4Rb5Ig&sig2=Oq9pADnMwWFk8MLcdF9pJw" target="_blank">Jacopo de’ Barbari</a>. He may have been born as early as 1450 or as late as 1470,
probably in Venice but possibly in Nuremburg. He may have studied under
the Italian painter Alvise Vivarini, or maybe not. The first thing we
know for certain is
that he met Albrecht Dürer during Dürer’s <i>Wanderjahre</i> in 1495.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Not much more is known about Anton Kolb. He was a merchant from Nuremburg who ended up in Venice as a member of the
<i>Fondaco dei Tedeschi</i> (Guild of German Merchants), where, according to later records, he was trying to sell Latin copies of
Schedel’s <i>Weltchronik.</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sometime around 1497 Kolb approached Barbari with a
proposal to prepare a large-scale bird’s-eye view of Venice. The result –
the <i>Venetie M.D.</i> or <i>Pianta di Venezia</i> or <i>Plan of Venice</i> – simply had no precedent in the history of cartography or
printmaking. It was also, somewhat suprisingly, Barbari’s first attributed work.</span></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Venetie detail, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/cartography/images/venetie/mercury_sm.jpg" height="281" width="400" /></div>
<div class="caption center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Kolb never stated exactly how Barbari composed the
view, but as Juergen Schultz points out in his classic analysis, it must
have been prepared from dozens, perhaps hundreds of bell tower
sightings:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<blockquote>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">“... Jacapo’s view is neither a giant landscape drawing
made in the field, nor a carefully compiled, foreshortened plan, it can
only be a studio fabrication. It must have been assembled mosaic-fashion
at the drawing table from a myriad of small view details made from
heights throughout the city.”<sup> 2</sup></span>
</blockquote>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The final plan, which took Barbari at least two
years to complete, shows the city from a vantage point somewhere above
San Giorgio Maggiore. It sweeps outward and upward in a great curve to
the horizon – a perspective that was designed
to be best viewed horizontally, perhaps unrolled across a great table.</span></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Every step in the map’s production was
unprecedented. Kolb obtained six of the largest (as large as 684 × 1000
mm) fine-grained woodblocks ever prepared. Barbari traced his plan on
them and they were then cut by master engravers in Venice or Nuremburg.
The final printing required six sheets of specially commissioned paper
twice the size of an imperial folio, then the largest sheets produced by
any Venetian paper maker.
The result was a monstrous 1.3 × 2.8 m (or nearly 13 ft<sup>2</sup>) map. Kolb’s capital outlay for the project must have been enormous.</span></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Kolb stated that he was issuing his map “principally for the <i>fama</i> (glory) of this illustrious city of Venice” and in Oct 1500 he appealed to the Venetian government for a copyright
as well as the right to recoup his costs by selling the print for the shocking price of three ducats.<sup>3</sup> The <i>Collegio</i>
must have known the nature of the map well in advance;
although it wasn’t cartographically rigorous by modern standards, it was
still accurate enough to aid an invading army. Perhaps out of civic
pride – after all the city was at the height of it’s imperial power –
they gave him a four-year copyright and a tax-free export license:</span></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Collegio register, 1500, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/cartography/images/venetie/letter_sm.jpg" height="310" width="400" /></div>
<div class="caption center" style="text-align: center;">
College. Notatorio, register 15, c. 28r. 30 Oct 1500.</div>
<div class="caption center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Although Barberi played fast-and-loose with
cartographic conventions like perspective and scale he, nevertheless,
included an amount of detail that would literally take years of close
reading to fully appreciate.
He included several hundred place names, several thousand buildings and,
as one commenter wrote, tens of thousands of windows and chimney pots.
As the major sea power of the day he, of course, included every
imaginable type of Venetian ship – from the ever-present gondolas to the
Doge’s 1462 Bucintoro.
He even went so far as to include – perhaps as a cautionary tale – the
former Senate Secretary Antonio Landi, hanging by his neck in Canal de
San Secondo.
It was a stunning achievement and the largest woodblock image for more
than a century.</span></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Venetie detail, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/cartography/images/venetie/st_mark_sm.jpg" height="227" width="400" /></div>
<div class="caption center" style="text-align: center;">
Detail, St. Mark’s Square</div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Venetie detail, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/cartography/images/venetie/rialto_sm.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></div>
<div class="caption center" style="text-align: center;">
Detail, Rialto Bridge</div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Venetie detail, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/cartography/images/venetie/frari_sm.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></div>
<div class="caption center" style="text-align: center;">
Close detail, Santa Maria dei Frari Monastary</div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Venetie detail, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/cartography/images/venetie/ghetto_sm.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></div>
<div class="caption center" style="text-align: center;">
Close detail, Ghetto Nuvo (the Jewish Ghetto)</div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Venetie detail, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/cartography/images/venetie/murano_sm.jpg" height="224" width="400" /></div>
<div class="caption center" style="text-align: center;">
Detail, Murano</div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">By the time the plan was offered for sale in the
autumn of 1500 Barbari had already moved to Nuremburg to work as a
portrait painter and miniaturist for Emperor Maximillian I.
In 1503 he was reported in Wittenburg working for the Great Duke
Frederick of Saxony. In 1504 he again met Dürer where they apparently
discussed drawing human proportion.
By Mar of 1510 he was in the employ of Archduchess Margaret in Brussels.
In Jan 1511 he became ill and in Mar of the same year, the Archduchess
gave him a pension for life on account of his age and weakness.
He died sometime around 1516.</span></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The plan was reprinted, with minor corrections and
updates in 1514 (the example presented here) and again in the late 16th
century.</span></div>
<div class="cephalus" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="cephalus center" style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Venetie detail, click for larger image" src="http://www.codex99.com/cartography/images/venetie/putti_sm.jpg" height="227" width="400" /></div>
<div class="caption center" style="text-align: center;">
Detail, NE wind putti. The bearded figure may be Barbari’s self-portrait</div>
<div class="caption center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="note" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1. Unless otherwise noted, all the images here are from the <i>ca.</i>1514 second-state copy at the Harry Ransom Center, University of Texas at Austin
(<a href="http://norman.hrc.utexas.edu/krausmaps/details.cfm?mapId=14" title="The Krause Map Collection">online</a>).</span></div>
<div class="note" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="note" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">2. Schulz, Juergen. Jacopo de’ Barbari’s View of Venice: Map Making, City Views, and Moralized Geography before the Year 1500. <i>The Art Bulletin.</i> 1978 Sep; 60(3): 425–474
(<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/3049817" title="Jstor">Jstor</a>). For another analysis see: Howard, Deborah. Venice as a Dolphin: Further Investigations into Jacopo de’ Barbari’s View.
<i>Artibus et Historiae.</i> 1997 18(35): 101–111 (<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/1483541" title="Jstor">Jstor</a>).</span></div>
<div class="note" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="note" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">3. The orignal woodblocks (as well as three of the
first-state maps) are now in the collection of the Museo Correr. They
were last used to print sheets of the plan in the 1830s.</span></div>
</div>
facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1381816398381162540.post-21692247453894734172016-02-02T16:15:00.003-08:002016-02-06T16:02:05.844-08:00Daniel Defoe inspiration (18th C)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Where did <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiRh7KtvdnKAhXEPxoKHbr1AR8QFgguMAI&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRobinson_Crusoe&usg=AFQjCNFs2dvY0r689plLDmdiPyAOLWCYfg&sig2=fzkpMSSMdNNkKsTAS3mNcA" target="_blank"><i>Robinson Crusoe</i></a> come from? How did Defoe<span class="_Tgc">—</span>who held a number of interesting professions, including a trader, writer, and spy<span class="_Tgc">—</span>harness the elements of the story and mold them into this classic English novel?<span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span>Theories abound on the origins of the novel and the source material Defoe had
at his disposal. Even today, nearly 300 years after its initial
publication, academics and scholars still quibble over the search for
the real Robinson Crusoe and the story behind the story. </span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body"> </span></span> </span></span></div>
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<h4>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body">
Theory #1: <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjzicW7vdnKAhWHuRoKHY77AqIQFgglMAE&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAlexander_Selkirk&usg=AFQjCNFvTZuqy3aoer3eVA0dkLMdzs2CHQ&sig2=K7Xgld-WTOhGJ9KHJiAtog" target="_blank">Alexander Selkirk</a></span></span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body">A
Scottish sailor and notorious hothead, Alexander Selkirk’s story was
long-held to be the inspiration for Defoe’s Crusoe. Selkirk worked as a
naval officer aboard the <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjKmafOvdnKAhWBOBoKHSrlDoAQFgggMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCinque_Ports_(1703_ship)&usg=AFQjCNGr6N9gBVO4f6Q0MZR0ZY8vTKwqXQ&sig2=PJhvC6TgamBOkbKqW7G8NQ" target="_blank">Cinque Ports under Captain Thomas Stradling</a>. In September 1704 after expressing doubts about the ship's
seaworthiness, Selkirk was marooned on the <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=8&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiHt8_bvdnKAhVMBBoKHV7GDJ0QFghIMAc&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FJuan-Fernandez-Islands&usg=AFQjCNFzqDcNqsaw0kUn_0GD6W5wui-CyA&sig2=EEhTdLIwCAfdbBp8qCh1sg" target="_blank">Juan Fernandez Islands</a> off
the coast of Chile. <b>Selkirk lived on the desert island before being
rescued in 1709 and receiving a hero’s welcome upon his return home</b>.
Word of his story spread throughout Europe, particularly in England,
Defoe’s home turf.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body"> </span><span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body"> </span></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Selkirk_reading_his_Bible.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Engraving of Selkirk sitting in the doorway of a hut reading a Bible" border="0" class="mw-mmv-final-image mw-mmv-dialog-is-open" height="312" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Selkirk_reading_his_Bible.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Selkirk reading his Bible in one of two huts that he built on a mountainside</i></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body">Some scholars argue the timeline of Selkirk’s story would not allow it to be the inspiration for <i>Robinson </i><i>Crusoe</i>,
which was published in 1719 and completed a good amount of time prior.
But others argue Selkirk’s exploits had a direct impact on <i>Crusoe</i> and choices Defoe made in composing the story.</span></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Selkirk, seated in a ship's boat, being taken aboard Duke." class="mw-mmv-final-image mw-mmv-dialog-is-open" height="247" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Serkirk_being_taken_aboard_the_Duke.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>The rescued Selkirk, seated at right, being taken aboard Duke.</i></td></tr>
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<h4>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body">
Theory #2: <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiuoPT8vdnKAhXBXhoKHbOLAVQQFggvMAI&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHayy_ibn_Yaqdhan&usg=AFQjCNF29ecqE_jpsdYN2DZwoysneRAvDw&sig2=Zs9ootgwF7rSAXPW73rr5Q" target="_blank">Ibn Tufail’s Hayy ibn Yaqdhan</a></span></span></h4>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body">
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<span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body">
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<span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A tongue-twister though it may be, <i>Hayy ibn Yaqdhan</i> was a
12th Century philosophical novel by Ibn Tufail, an Arabic writer,
philosopher, physician, and court official. Loosely translated as <i>Philosophus Autodidactus</i>,
the novel explores the themes and ideas of a feral child raised by
animals on a desert island. Initially conceived as something of a
thought-experiment, the novel is concerned with what happens to human
beings in the absence of other human beings, and how curiosity and the
pursuit of answers and truth are innate human qualities.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">As with the Selkirk theory, some scholars argue the central conceit
of Tufail’s text was an important influence on Defoe’s novel, while
others contend it’s the themes and ideas of Tufail’s work that Defoe
took as a source of inspiration.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span></span></div>
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<h4>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Theory #3: Robert Knox</span></span></h4>
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<span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body">
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<span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Its direct influence on <i>Crusoe</i> notwithstanding,
the story of English <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi3p4yrvtnKAhUEXRoKHUvyAcgQFgggMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRobert_Knox_(sailor)&usg=AFQjCNHPQVz2IldtqRXINK1HFUBlUTMUoQ&sig2=bhEhNnYtEGvYA7bOGDWPgg" target="_blank">sea captain Robert Knox</a> and his nearly two
decades-long tenure on an island near what is today Sri Lanka is one of
the most compelling true-life action-adventures stories ever. Knox set
sail for Persia on behalf of the <a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi9_pXtvtnKAhUCFR4KHZHGCesQFgggMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEast_India_Company&usg=AFQjCNFSRl1vIk25YENE_nR7BEV7d5JGTA&sig2=vTIYB7EASpqr6qN09OU_Lw" target="_blank">British East India Company</a> in January
1658, but his ship was severely damaged during a storm about one year
later, and he and his crew were taken captive and held for 19 years by
the inhabitants of the Island of Ceylon. Though held in relatively
livable conditions<span class="_Tgc">—</span>Knox and his crew were given jobs and responsibilities in the village in exchange for lodging, food, and other provisions<span class="_Tgc">—</span>Knox finally escaped and fled to a nearby island controlled by the Dutch before being returned home to England.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Captain Robert Knox (1642-1720), by P Trampon.jpg" class="mw-mmv-final-image mw-mmv-dialog-is-open" height="400" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Captain_Robert_Knox_%281642-1720%29%2C_by_P_Trampon.jpg/800px-Captain_Robert_Knox_%281642-1720%29%2C_by_P_Trampon.jpg" width="324" /> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Accounts of his time on Ceylon were published in a 1681 book called </span><a href="https://www.google.es/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjIl8m_vtnKAhWJhhoKHb2IApIQFggnMAE&url=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fanhistoricalrela14346gut&usg=AFQjCNHzuz3z_SvY-nycQTdfug2SCU142A&sig2=AJl-RM1yLU_zXJwakMpWlg" target="_blank"><i>An Historical Relation of the Island Ceylon</i></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">,
<span style="color: #ead1dc;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> <span style="color: blue;">(link to the book provided, thanks to archive.org)</span></span></span><span style="color: blue;"> </span>a text that featured detailed illustrations and descriptions of the
island and its inhabitants and which served as the only recorded
information about the island during that age.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span>Until recently, <b>the story of Knox, his captivity, and eventual escape
was thought to be the most direct influence on the story of Crusoe.</b></span><br />
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<h4>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body">
Theory #4: Henry Pitman</span></span></h4>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body">
</span></span></div>
<span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body">
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<span class="hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text" data-hs-cos-general-type="meta_field" data-hs-cos-type="rich_text" id="hs_cos_wrapper_post_body"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Stemming from intensive research and investigation as detailed in the 2002 Tim Severin book <i>Seeking Robinson Crusoe,</i> a growing number of literary scholars and historians now believe Defoe’s <i>Robinson Crusoe</i>
was written in response to the story of Henry Pitman, a former surgeon
to the Duke of Monmouth, who was stranded on a desert island in the
Caribbean following a shipwreck. Upon his escape from the island and
return home, Pitman’s story was published by English publisher J. Taylor
of Paternoster Street<span class="_Tgc">—</span>Taylor’s son would later publish Defoe’s masterwork, <i>Robinson Crusoe</i>.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In addition, Severin’s research uncovered Pitman lived in an
apartment above Taylor’s publishing house, which Severin argues is
fertile ground for a meeting between Pitman and </span>Defoe<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">.
While word of Pitman’s exploits did circulate through England, Severin
contends several face-to-face meetings between Pitman and Defoe may have
taken place in which Pitman may have recounted his story to Defoe, who
then interwove bits and pieces of Pitman’s experience into his own
narrative.</span></span></div>
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facsimiliumhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14555925605780514473noreply@blogger.com0